No abstract

The present study was carrying out the simulation of plastic pyrolysis process modelled for the conversion of petroleum product from plastic wastes such as Poly-Styrene (PS), PolyEthylene (PE), Poly-Propylene (PP) and Poly-Styrene (PS) with the aid of Aspen Hysys V9 simulator. Aspen Hysys simulator was used to develop the steady state model and to simulate the pyrolysis process with the above mentioned plastic wastes. PengRobinson thermodynamics model was employed as a fluid package of this simulation. The process converts waste plastic to fuel, which was taking places in two stages in an Aspen Hysys Simulation Environment such as i) A conversion of plastic wastes into Vapour-Liquid Fraction (VLF) with small quantity of char residue using conversion reactor (Pyrolytic Reactor) and ii) Separation of produced Vapour-Liquid Fraction to pyro gases and liquid fuel with the help of water tube Condenser. The obtained results demonstrated that, a conversion of Poly-Styrene (PS) into liquid fuel is up to 88.7% was optimum than other plastics Poly-Ethylene (PE) 81.95% and Poly-Propylene (PP) 83.54 %. The simulated model can help an interested to researcher in knowing expected products and their individual component for better understanding and scale-up studies.

Landscape restoration activities must be conducted through a transdisciplinary process, integrating social, economic, environmental, and governance aspects. Combining visions from the natural and social sciences is a challenge in highly complex territories, where unique ecosystem characteristics, economic processes, stakeholders of diverse nature, and different normativity converge. The harmonization of multiple techniques, such as multicriteria spatial analysis, expert knowledge elicitation, and social mapping, allows for an approach to defining landscape restoration areas in complex regions. This paper employs multiple techniques to define ecosystem restoration areas in a complex Colombian Andes landscape, integrating ecological and social components for sustainable development. We observed that areas of high and very high feasibility for ecological restoration, encompassing 179.5 hectares (4.84% of the study area), are predominantly located near primary forests. Although some areas have low feasibility for conservation processes, they should not be disregarded as they still require protection. Landowners prioritize watershed and soil restoration as the most important landscape restoration activity due to their interest in improving water-related ecosystem services. This proposal enables the identification of areas with higher restoration potential at the property level, facilitating prioritization and investment allocation for future implementation.

No abstract