EXIOPOL (A New Environmental Accounting Framework Using Externality Data and Input-Output Tools for Policy Analysis) was a European Union (EU)-funded project creating a detailed, global, multiregional environmentally extended Supply and Use table (MR EE SUT) of 43 countries, 129 sectors, 80 resources, and 40 emissions. We sourced primary SUT and input-output tables from Eurostat and non-EU statistical offices. We harmonized and detailed them using auxiliary national accounts data and co-efficient matrices. Imports were allocated to countries of exports using United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database trade shares. Optimization procedures removed imbalances in these detailing and trade linking steps. Environmental extensions were added from various sources. We calculated the EU footprint of final consumption with resulting MR EE SUT. EU policies focus mainly on energy and carbon footprints. We show that the EU land, water, and material footprint abroad is much more relevant, and should be prioritized in the EU's environmental product and trade policies.

This paper provides an input-output method to estimate worldwide economic impacts generated by supply chain disruptions. The method is used to analyse global economic effects due to the disruptions in the automotive industry that followed the Japanese earthquake and the consequent tsunami and nuclear crisis of March 2011. By combining a mixed multi-regional input-output model, the World Input-Output Database and data at the factory level, the study quantifies the economic impacts of the disruptions broken down by country and industry. The results show that the global economic effect (in terms of value added) of this disruption amounted to US$139 billion. The most affected (groups of) countries were Japan (39%), the USA (25%), China (8%) and the European Union (7%). The most strongly affected industries were transport equipment (37%), other business activities (10%), basic and fabricated metals (8%), wholesale trade (7%) and financial intermediation (4%).

China is on track to achieve global industrial leadership in key sectors 19.1 China is undergoing horizontal structural change to attain global leadership in new industries 19.2 Chinese patents and scientific specialisation converge the EU in natural and computer science but diverge in other areas 19.3 Chinese export and technological competitiveness move hand in hand 19.4 Expanding industries with the highest all-encompassing gains for the whole ecosystem Endnotes References List of tables and figures Acknowledgements Executive Summary Trade balance EU trade balance with China (gross) -14,672.20 -67,042.80 EU trade balance with China (in value added terms) -9,987.00 -49,167.20

China is on track to achieve global industrial leadership in key sectors 19.1 China is undergoing horizontal structural change to attain global leadership in new industries 19.2 Chinese patents and scientific specialisation converge the EU in natural and computer science but diverge in other areas 19.3 Chinese export and technological competitiveness move hand in hand 19.4 Expanding industries with the highest all-encompassing gains for the whole ecosystem Endnotes References List of tables and figures Acknowledgements Executive Summary Trade balance EU trade balance with China (gross) -14,672.20 -67,042.80 EU trade balance with China (in value added terms) -9,987.00 -49,167.20