No abstract

Background: Young oncologists are at particular risk of professional burnout, and this could have a significant impact on their health and care of their patients. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has forced rapid changes in professionals' jobs and training, with the consequent physical and psychological effects. We aimed to characterize burnout levels and determinants in young oncologists, and the effects of the pandemic on their training and health. Methods: Two online surveys were conducted among oncology residents and young oncology specialists in Spain. The first addressed professional burnout and its determinants before the COVID-19 pandemic, while the second analyzed the impact of the pandemic on health care organization, training, and physical and psychological health in the same population. Results: In total, 243 respondents completed the first survey, and 263 the second; 25.1% reported significant levels of professional burnout. Burnout was more common among medical oncology residents (28.2%), mainly in their second year of training. It was significantly associated with a poor workelife balance, inadequate vacation time, and the burnout score. Nearly three-quarters of respondents (72%) were reassigned to COVID-19 care and 84.3% of residents missed part of their training rotations. Overall, 17.2% of this population reported that they had contracted COVID-19, 37.3% had scores indicating anxiety, and 30.4% moderate to severe depression. Almost a quarter of young oncologists (23.3%) had doubts about their medical vocation. Conclusions: Burnout affects a considerable number of young oncologists. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on causes of burnout, making it even more necessary to periodically monitor it to define appropriate detection and prevention strategies.

COVID-19 pandemic has plunged the entire world into a crisis, that is causing aggressive changes in the world economic system, particularly of those immersed in tourism. This work identifies the strategies and groups of strategies that entrepreneurs and businessmen of the Manta-Ecuador tourism sector need for their businesses survival. For the information gathering, a questionnaire with open-ended questions was applied and disseminated with the help of the local government, through mailing and WhatsApp groups of registered associations. A response was obtained from 48% of the establishments registered in the city. The qualitative information collected was processed by using the Atlas Ti software, which resulted in the identification of 14 codes (strategies) that were classified into two codes groups (strategies groups). The strategies have different relationships; therefore, they are addressed to two groups, the first one implies actions that should be performed by authorities to improve the city's tourism management model and the second one, actions specific to the sector for the improvement of the health and bio-security processes in tourist establishments.

Ge eo oJ Jo ou ur rn na al l o of f T To ou ur ri is sm m a an nd d G Ge eo os si it te es s Year X XI II I, vol. 25, no. 2

La actividad turística cada día se vuelve más competitiva, el crecimiento exponencial de la tecnología hace posible el mejoramiento de las comunicaciones entre negocios y clientes finales, la aparición de nuevas aplicaciones facilitan al turista la adquisición de servicios de manera más fácil. Por esto y muchas cosas más, la administración pública en países turísticamente desarrollados como España apuesta a la certificación de Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes (DTI) con criterios relacionados a la accesibilidad, sostenibilidad, gobernanza, tecnología e innovación.  La presente revisión de literatura utiliza herramientas básicas de análisis de contenido, para clasificar la información de documentos, manuales y artículos especializados en diversas bases de datos, los mismos que buscan sentar las bases que sirvan como referencia para nuevos estudios turísticos enfocados en este ámbito, novedoso para Ecuador, pero no tanto alrededor del mundo. Portoviejo es una ciudad recientemente declarada Ciudad Creativa por la UNESCO, la misma busca promover un nuevo modelo de gestión turístico, que haga uso de su patrimonio cultural, encabezado por la diversidad gastronómica, y a su vez poder potenciar este desarrollo con la evolución hacia un destino inteligente.