Previous theories on cone-in-cone structure origin have failed to explain some of its features; such as the absence of cone-incone in veins other than horizontal and the cross-cutting relations of conical surfaces to detritical clay films, They have neither taken in account the importance of pore pressures in the process of growth of veins and concretions nor the effects of its faD in the deformation of these calcite bodies. A new hypothesis for cone-in-cone origin is presented, which states that cones are a secondary feature. They are superimposed on crystalline aggregates that grow in overpressured chambers and formed as a result of brittle fracture induced by a decrease in pore pressure within materials having different mechanical properties (plastic host sediments and brittle calcite bodies). The acceptance of this hypothesis will help in the identification of seals in ancient diagenetic environments and in assessing depth of entrapment for fluids.
Se analiza un conjunto de modelos tridimensionales que representan la forma en que las ondas sísmicas afectan los materiales que atraviesan, generando vibraciones y desplazamientos y contienen diversos errores. Entre ellos se destaca la dirección en que las ondas P y S llegan a la superficie, la exageración de los desplazamientos asociados a las ondas P y S, haciéndoselos comparables con los producidos por las ondas Love y Raileigh y asignándoseles propiedades destructivas equivalentes a éstas. Tampoco se tienen en cuenta las propiedades mecánicas reales de los materiales que constituyen las cercas y tendidos eléctricos frente a la deformación inducida por las ondas ni los esfuerzos generados. Se propone utilizar estos materiales, junto con ilustraciones correctas, para que los estudiantes desarrollen habilidades tanto para la transformación de conceptos teóricos en diagramas y materiales gráficos como para el análisis crítico del material de estudio.
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