Oxytricha fallax and Stylonychia pustulata possess 6 rows of dorsal bristle units. Each dorsal bristle unit consists of a pair of kinetosomes; the anterior kinetosome has a cilium and the posterior kinetosome a ciliary study. The kinetosome pair, located at the bottom of a cortical pit surrounding the cilium and ciliary stub, is surrounded by an asymmetrical fibrillar mass. Future rows 1-4 are formed from 2 sets of primordia originating within mature dorsal rows 1-3. Rows 5 and 6 originate from the anterior regions of both right marginal cirral primorida. Old dorsal bristle units utilized in formation of primordia are presumably maintained in the new rows of the proter and opisthe; those outside the primordia resorbed. The morphogenetic pattern of the Oxytrichidae is similar to those of the Urostylidae and Holostichidae, but quite different from that of the Euplotidae.

As online social media further integrates deeper into our lives, we spend more time consuming social update streams that come from our online connections. Although social update streams provide a tremendous opportunity for us to access information on-the-fly, we often complain about its relevance. Some of us are flooded with a steady stream of information and simply cannot process it in full. Ranking the incoming content becomes the only solution for the overwhelmed users. For some others, in contrast, the incoming information stream is pretty weak, and they have to actively search for relevant information which is quite tedious. For these users, augmenting their incoming content flow with relevant information from outside their first-degree network would be a viable solution. In that case, the problem of relevance becomes even more prominent.In this paper, we start an open discussion on how to build effective systems for ranking social updates from a unique perspective of LinkedIn -the largest professional network in the world. More specifically, we address this problem as an intersection of learning to rank, collaborative filtering, and clickthrough modeling, while leveraging ideas from information retrieval and recommender systems. We propose a novel probabilistic latent factor model with regressions on explicit features and compare it with a number of non-trivial baselines. In addition to demonstrating superior performance of our model, we shed some light on the nature of social updates on LinkedIn and how users interact with them, which might be applicable to social update streams in general.

Longitudinal fragments of the hypotrichous ciliate Stylonychia were studied a t various stages of cortical regeneration by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Analysis showed that (except for the oral primordium) all primordial fields responsible for replacing excised ciliature develop in continuity with existing primordia; i.e., all ciliary primordia are derived from segments originally continuous with the oral primordium. This observation leads to the concept of a single primordial field, a "primordium of the ciliature," possessing the developmental competence of giving rise to a complete set of ciliary structures. Such a concept implies the operation of a reciprocal intra-cortical communication system; i.e., the developmental manifestations of any individual primordium are determined a t least in part by the precise location of morphostatic and/or primordial ciliary structures. An intra-cortical communication system is consistent with the previously proposed "determinative region" (Grimes, '75), the function of which is to serve as the initiation site of a primordium during excystment morp hogenesis.Morphogenesis and control of cortical patterning in ciliates have been subjects of several extensive studies and reviews (e.g., Frankel, '73, '74, '75; Grimes, '72, '73a,b,c, '76; Hammersmith, '76a,b; Hashimoto, '61, '62, '63, '64; '63, '72a,b, '74; '72, '75; '69; Sonneborn, '63, '70, '75; Walker and Grim, '73). In a n attempt to understand the factors which control morphogenesis in hypotrichous ciliates, various studies, most notably those of Hashimoto ('61, '64) and '69, '741, have approached the problem through observation and interpretation of morphogenetic patterns during cortical regeneration (the morphogenetic sequence initiated by cell trauma resulting in the replacement of all missing cortical structures). To date, these studies have employed light microscopy to examine the results of cortical excision and subsequent regeneration.In an attempt to determine the morphogenetic interactions among existing cortical structures and primordia in Stylonychia, longitudinal cell fragments were examined a t various stages of regeneration by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEMI. The SEM permits a 3-dimensional analysis of external cortical events during morphogenesis without the problems associated with protargol staining (irreproducibility leading to a limited number of well-stained cells). This SEM analysis demonstrates the ability of the oral primordium to participate in the formation of primordial fields which, in the undisturbed cell, would utilize other components of the existing ciliature. These observations and their relation to current theories on morphogenetic mechanisms are discussed. (Grimes, ' 7 3~) . MATERIALS AND METHODSThe anterior portion of one half of individual doublet cells was removed microsurgically, thus inducing cortical morphogenesis in both halves of the doublet (regeneration on the damaged half, morphogenesis comparable to reorganization on the intact half). Cortical reorganization o...

This book is a concise introduction to the Scripture of Change, or Yijing (formerly spelled I Ching), for general readers, practitioners of divination, students, and non-specialist scholars. Sometimes called the Book of Changes or Classic of Changes, this ancient Chinese text, with roots going back at least three thousand years, has traditionally been considered the most profound of the Chinese “classics.” Originally a manual of divination, in the late 1st millennium BCE it accumulated appendices, traditionally attributed to Confucius, that transformed it into a uniquely Chinese expression of wisdom. Through the centuries it has inspired countless commentaries, mostly in China but also throughout East Asia. Since the 20th century it has gained global popularity for both its use in divination and its contribution to the world’s wisdom literature.