In the South American context, migrant population makes up for a large portion of the population who, in most cases, stop using their heritage language. This work aims to present the results of a study that inquired about the status of the Croatian language as a heritage language in South America, and analized the tensions between linguistic displacement and maintenance. The analysis is focused on Argentina, where an estimated 250 000 to 500 000 people are from Croatian descent. The study is based upon a corpus of Croatian speech gathered from second- and third-generation migrants and from official and non-official records, gathered by the authors. Findings suggest that there are signs of linguistic attrition at the phonological, morphosyntactic, and lexical levels. They also suggest that identity and language awareness strengthening play a significant role in the maintenance of the ancestral language in this migrating context. The study contributes to the field of minority and endangered languages, and helps understand the dynamic processes influencing the vitality of heritage languages.
Un Franco-Argentin est un citoyen argentin d’ascendance complète, partielle, ou majoritairement française. A notre connaissance, il n’existe pas de données exactes sur le nombre de locuteurs francophones héréditaires en Amérique du Sud. La langue s’est perdue plus fréquemment avec la deuxième génération d’émigrés qui, pour mieux s’intégrer dans le nouveau pays où la langue dominante est l’espagnol et, dans une moindre mesure, l’italien, renonçaient progressivement à leur héritage linguistique. L’alternance codique entre l’espagnol et le français est une pratique répandue et pertinente qui remplit à la fois des fonctions communicatives et identitaires. Dans cet article, nous avons l’intention d’analyser l’évolution de l’alternance codique français-espagnol, sur la base du discours des Franco-Argentins à Buenos Aires (Argentine) lors d’entretiens semi-directifs menés par l’auteur en juillet/août 2021 (cf. Bilic 2021). En particulier, nous observerons les caractéristiques formelles de l’alternance codique qui se produisent à différents niveaux structuraux.
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