The problem of optimising the thermal environment and design parameters of underground cable lines for cable crossings with the aim of increasing the ampacities of cables is considered in this paper. Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm, formulated as a continuous non‐linear optimisation problem with constraints, for solving this hot spot problem is applied. It is found, using the PSO algorithm, that there are a suitable size of cable bedding and an arrangement of cables within that bedding, which can eliminate or significantly mitigate the hot spot effect without the use of any additional cooling equipment. In this manner, the ampacities of both crossing cable lines increase by about 15% on average with respect to the case of a similar crossing with installation parameters commonly used. In addition, it is shown how the cross‐sectional areas of the conductors and metal screens and the metal screen bonding methods affect the optimal solution.
Универзитет Привредна акдемија, Факултет за економију и инжењерски менаџмент -ФИМЕК, Нови Сад, Србија Сажетак: Концепт накнадне процене сталне имовине по фер вредности отвара бројне могућности злоупотреба чији је циљ приказивање финансијског положаја и резултата пословања далеко од чињеничног стања. Проблем је jош значајнији имајући у виду високо учешће сталне имовине у структури активе великих али и средњих правних лица где ефекти злоупотреба посебно долазе до изражаја што је и био један од мотива да се у овом раду приступи осветљавању овог проблема. Препознавање техника креативног рачуноводства а нарочито технике агресивне ревалоризације сталне имовине од стране форензичара, ревизора, пореских инспектора али и остале заинтересоване јавности у циљу спречавања и процесуирања такве праксе сматра се преко потребним имајући у виду штете због избегавања пореза на добит и приказивања лажне финансијске ситуације. Кључне речи: фер вредност, стална имовина, злоупотребе, агресивно рачуноводство. Abstract: The model of additional estimation of permanent property based on fair value provides many possibilities for abuse with the aim to report a financial position which is significantly different from the genuine one. This issue is even more important taking into account the importance of permanent property in the structure of assets of large and medium-sized legal entities where the effects of abuse are particularly obvious. The aim of this paper is to provide an insight into this issue. Detecting the techniques of creative accounting and the technique of aggressive revalorization of permanent property in particular by forensics, auditors, state authorities and others in order to prevent the processing of such practice is considered significant having in mind the damage resulting from evading income tax and reporting fake financial situation.
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