Kapusta J., Hreško J., Petrovič F., Tomko-Králo D., Gallik J.: Water surface overgrowing of the Tatra's lakes. Ekológia (Bratislava), Vol. 37, No. 1, p. 11-23, 2018. Tatra's lakes are vulnerable ecosystems and an important element of the alpine landscape. Mainly some shallow lake basins succumb to intense detritus sedimentation, fine fractions of material from the catchment area or to the overgrowing of water level by vegetation. In this paper, changes and dynamics of the 12 Tatra's lake shorelines that were selected based on the detailed mapping of their extent are pointed out. Changes were assessed by accurate comparisons of historical and current orthophoto maps from the years 1949, 1955 and 2015 -and therefore, based on the oldest and the latest relevant materials. Due to the overgrowing of lakes caused by vegetation, their water surface decreased from -0.9% up to -47.9%, during the examined period. Losses were caused by the overgrowing of open water surface by the communities of sedges and peat bogs. The most significant dynamics of the shorelines during the last decades were reached by those lakes, into which fine sediments were simultaneously deposited by means of mountain water coarse. These sediments made the marginal parts of the lake basins shallower and accelerated rapid expansion of vegetation to the detriment of the open water surface. The overgrowing of shallow moraine lakes lying in the vegetation zone is a significant phenomenon of the High Tatras alpine landscape. It leads to their gradual extinction, turn into peat bogs and wet alpine meadows.

Abstract. Methodologies and procedures in processing gained data vary based on possibilities and needs of scientific projects. This paper should help to get a general overview in the choice of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAScommonly known as drones) for scientific purposes, namely remote sensing of geomorphologic processes such as soil degradation in high mountainous areas that are hard to access and have unfavourable weather conditions. All high mountain areas in European countries are legislatively protected, and so various permissions and observation of strict procedures are needed in order to not have a negative influence on the environment. Nowadays, several types of UAS exist that could effectively help us in such protection, as well as in fullfledged utilization when answering scientific questions about the alpine lake genesis. We demonstrate it here with selected examples of our photo documentation.

Abstract. Methodologies and procedures in processing gained data vary based on possibilities and needs of scientific projects. Technology moves ahead very fast. Application of different patents and remote control mechanisms has higher usage not only in military sector, but also in civil sector. These papers should help to get general overview in the choice of "small unmanned aircraft systems" (sUAS or commonly known as drones) for scientific purposes, for example remote sensing. Geomorphologic processes and the development of high mountain area are difficult for mapping and research with respect to accessibility of explored surface, slope of terrain, and mainly weather conditions that are rapidly changing. All high mountain areas in European countries are legislatively protected, and so various permissions and observation of strict procedures are needed, in order not to contaminate or not to have a negative influence on the environment. Nowadays several types of UAS and operating systems exist that could effectively help us in such protection, as well as in fully-fledged utilization when answering scientific questions.