Introduction: Bone atrophy and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus resulting from tooth loss, associated with low bone density in the region, often provide inadequate quantity and quality for the installation of osseointegrated implants. Aim: In the present work, a literary review was carried out to identify and compare the main techniques of maxillary sinus surgery, commenting on the available graft materials. Methodology: A bibliographic search was carried out in the main PUBMED databases, in which works were published that were published from 1955 to 2017. 86 articles met the criteria for inclusion laboratory studies, case reports and systematic reviews as well as literature that were developed In the human species; In which they had done the lifting of the maxillary sinus with allocation of the grafting material. Results: In view of a careful research and tabulations of the respective articles, the result was that in many cases it is necessary to perform a surgical procedure to increase bone height, called maxillary sinus lift. The two techniques used for this purpose are the traumatic technique and the atraumatic technique, with or without bone graft. Conclusion: Maxillary sinus lift is a safe, reliable and successful surgical procedure, provided that the fundamental principles of the technique are strictly adhered to. The risks involved are small, with possible post-operative complications amenable to treatment through medication and / or surgical interventions.

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