Despite physical, cultural, economic and other obstacles, millions of people have recently emigrated from one country to another in search of a better life. Consequently, the importance of this research topic has grown over time. Analysis of this regional approach is based on the OECD censuses, and its unique Database on Immigrants (DIOC), which makes it possible to generate a wide variety of cross-tabulations on the characteristics of asylum-seekers by the country of their birth. The aim of this study is to contribute to literature by analysing the role of regional differences in migration more closely in terms of the importance of migration regulation policies in the OECD countries. According to the results based on Binary Logistic (Logit) and Linear (OLS) Regression models, the educational attainment, age, sex and the place of birth of migrants are related in different ways to their region of origin. Moreover, male migrants are more skilled than females, migrants who are more educated are older than the less skilled, and foreign-born migrants seemed to be older than native-born migrants. There is also additional evidence suggesting that different regions and countries might follow different policies and norms for admission of migrants. Therefore, forthcoming migration governance programs that aim to facilitate the labour market integration of migrants should also take into consideration their regional characteristics.

Abstract:In Hungary, after the political and economical transition period of the nineties, the transformation of agriculture, the privatisation and the partial compensation brought about fundamental change in the land ownership structure. Recently, the private ownership of land has become dominant. As a result of the land compensation and the restoration of individual shares of the co-operatives members, unfavourable farm structures were established in a great number of cases; and consequently the redistribution of land property has become indispensable. The revival of the market is hold up, on one hand, by the present legislation of land acquisition (by Hungarian legal entities and foreigners) and, on the other hand, by the repugnance of the land acquisition of foreigners by a great number of people. The political risks, the EU accession and the changes to be expected concerning the EU subsidy schemes might also affect the land market in the long-term.Key words: transformation of agriculture, agricultural land, land ownership, land use, co-operative, state ownership, private property, Act on Land, land acquisition, land lease, the National Land Fund, market of agricultural land, land price, mortgage Abstrakt: Po období politické a ekonomické transformace v Maïarsku na zaèátku 90. let s sebou transformace, privatizace a èásteèná majetková kompenzace pøinesla základní zmìny ve struktuøe vlastnictví pùdy. V tomto období se stalo pøevau-jícím typem soukromé vlastnictví. Jako dùsledek kompenzací pùdy a znovuobnovení vlastnických podílù v zemìdìlských drustvech se vytvoøila v øadì pøípadù nevyhovující struktura podnikù a následnì se stala nezbytnou redistribuce vlastnictví pùdy. Obnovení fungování trhu pùdy je vak na jedné stranì brdìno souèasnou právní úpravou bránící nákupu pùdy (pro maïarské právnické osoby a pro cizince), na druhé stranì také znaènou mírou odporu proti prodeji pùdy cizincùm. Polická rizika, vstup do EU a pøedpokládané zmìny týkající se systému podpor v rámci EU mohou rovnì dlouhodobì ovlivnit fungování trhu pùdy.Klíèová slova: transformace zemìdìlství, zemìdìlská pùda, vlastnictví pùdy, uívání pùdy, drustva, státní vlastnictví, soukromé vlastnictví, Zákon o pùdì, nákup pùdy, pronájem pùdy, Národní pozemkový fond, trh zemìdìlské pùdy, cena pùdy, hypotékaThe paper was prepared for the seminar of RIAFE Bratislava Utilization of the agricultural land, with regard to the accession of Slovakia to the EU, October 711, 2002, Slovak Republic.

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