A643patients with PE and DVT (LMWH monotherapy, VKA monotherapy and combined treatment) identified in an observational retrospective study conducted in Spain (EDITH study). An alternative scenario was defined assuming that rivaroxaban would replace LMWH monotherapy by 10%, 15% and 20% in the first, second and third year, respectively. The population included in the analysis was estimated from the annual VTE incidence in Spain. Only pharmacologic costs were considered. Unit costs were extracted from Spanish official sources. Results: Introducing rivaroxaban for the treatment and recurrence prevention of VTE would result in € 4,879,087, € 7,319,477 and € 9,765,773 savings in in the first, second and third year, respectively, for a total cost reduction of € 21,964,338 over the three years. ConClusions: There is a prolonged use of LMWH according to the current clinical routine in Spain, resulting in an incremental cost for the public system. The progressive introduction of rivaroxaban would represent elevated savings in the treatment and prevention of DVT and PE for the Spanish NHS.