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I would like to mention the salient points which arose during the designs, first, to arrange for efficient cargo handling to ensure a rapid turn-round of the ships, second, to provide ample space for processing passengers and tourists, and thirdly, to provide amenities to attract shoppers and local residents.88. In 1970 the records show 388 ships berthed at the terminal, made up of 103 passenger ships, 10 cruise liners, 254 cargo ships, and 21 container ships, these only for four months, as since then they have been using No. 5 wharf. Passengers recorded were 15 000, and there were 53 million visitors. Cargo imported was 40 000 tons, and exported 280 000 tons.89. One of the main difficulties in planning was that potential lessees, faced with a proposal which was new and to them rather speculative, were very slow in making up their minds what they wanted. We had therefore to keep the planning very flexible: even at the end there were still changes which had to be made. This was all in the superstructure, and it showed more clearly almost every day the advantage of the Contractor's design in separating the deck structures from the superstructure because it gave the clients several months longer in which to settle the final details of the letting.90. It has proved very popular to local people, as about 115 000 persons visited the terminal each week. M r D. L. Pope, Bertlin & PartnersAt one time I was employed by Taylor Woodrow on the construction of the Ocean Terminal. For someone who was concerned with this project at very close quarters on site, the day-to-day problems were very acute from my point of view. It is therefore very revealing to have a Paper like this which puts the whole problem into perspective.92. However, the Paper compresses a large project into a short space, and I think that in one or two instances the Authors have erred on the side of being too concise. In particular, the question of the provision of independent foundations for the jetty deck and the superstructure which is stated in !j 25 as having the following advantages:(a) the client and the lessees could delay until the last possible moment decisions (b) the problems of differential settlement between the jetty and the super-(c) the deck structure can be kept shallow and out of the tidal range.on the layout of the superstructure; structure would be minimized ; 93. The layout of the columns was determined in advance, and I would suggest that since the deadload must be a very large proportion of the load on the columns, it would only be a very small number of columns where the final design load was not known in advance. So this cannot really have been an important criterion.94. So far as differential settlement is concerned, if the whole structure was carried on one foundation system, there would not have been any problem. However, by

The ferries, trams, buses and minibuses in Hong Kong are privately owned and make profits. Against such a background it is understandable that the MeTRo had to be financed on a commercial basis of fares paying for both capital and running costs. This will make it unique.53. The detailed design of underground works is much influenced by the method of construction. Although each contract has 5C100 drawings issued with the tender documents, showing the general arrangement of the required works, the contractor is responsible for the detailed design and working drawings. As detailed drawings are not prepared for the tender the conventional Bill of Quantities is not possible. A method has been developed based on fixed activities which are lump sums for discrete parts of the completed works, and variable activities covering items such as compressed air, ground treatment and different types of tunnel linings which will be ordered by the Engineer. 54.Conditions of Contract were developed from the ICE Conditions and a method of measurement devised based on the above activity concept. The INTERNET project control system is being used so that by estimating the percentage of completion of each activity each month and applying it to the activity, the value of work completed can be determined. The same input to the control system is also used to provide progress reports at intervals as required.55. As an additional source of revenue the space over Kowloon Bay depot is being developed as a commercial venture. A concrete deck will be constructed over most of the depot on which will be built 5000 flats and communal facilities to form a miniature town of 25 000 people. M r P. E. Garbutt, London Transport ExecutiveThe Author has referred in his Paper to London Transport's involvement in the planning of the Hong Kong Mass Transit system in respect of op-erations and layout. We in London Transport feel that we have been able to make a positive contribution to this work.57. Essentially, in the planning of an urban passenger railway, there are three basic factors; the traffic demand, the engineering constraints and the operating requirements. The first two are usually given most attention. Despite the mumbo jumbo that some times surrounds it, the problem of aligning an urban railway to carry the main traffic flows is not one of great difficulty in large and concentrated cities which do not have any existing underground railway lines. The precise level of traffic that will be attracted may be difficult to estimate, but the route that one should adopt is usualiy clear from the

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