Dietary approaches and medical treatment can prevent recurrence of urinary stones. Some interventions are appropriate for all types of stones, but there are particular risk factors that may need directed therapy.

Distinguishing uric acid from calcium oxalate stones can be performed with relative accuracy using parameters from the 24-hour urine stone risk profile and the patient's BMI and age.

NCCT-based diagnosis of AAC is associated with low urine pH, hypocitraturia, and uric acid stone formation. The presence of AAC could be considered an additional prognosticator for the utility of alkalinization therapy.

CT-based diagnosis of low mineral bone density is associated with derangement in 24-hour urine calcium and citrate in KSFs, as well as larger stone volumes.

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