The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peerreviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications.

No abstract

La crisis financiera internacional detonada en 2008-2009 cimbró el patrón de crecimiento de la economía mundial y, por demás importante, puso en tela de juicio a la política macroeconómica. Los nuevos cuestionamientos, algunos originados entre expertos de instituciones identificadas con el pensamiento económico ortodoxo, se unen a las críticas hechas ya desde tiempo atrás desde las perspectivas estructuralista y la heterodoxa a la política macroeconómica convencional aplicada en América Latina durante 1980 y 1990. Un elemento de crítica común y por demás importante es el errado énfasis dado por la política macroeconómica al uso en la estabilización de variables nominales como la inflación y el déficit fiscal, y la subsecuente desatención, o mucho menor prioridad, del desempeño de variables reales como la evolución de la actividad productiva y el empleo así como también de los efectos macro de la intermediación financiera. El propósito del presente trabajo es, tomando como base algunas de las críticas principales hechas desde ambas perspectivas, identificar los elementos que debe tener una política macroeconómica para el desarrollo.

of major infrastructure projects in a Latin American country; 2) the documentation of the case study from the point of view of the public policy process (other authors have already documented the social movement in Atenco and Texcoco in 2001 and2002); and 3) the analysis of a sphere of non-electoral political competition as well as the implications for the evaluation of infrastructure projects. AbstractThe paper provides a historical review of the political decisions and public policy surrounding the project for a new airport in Mexico City. To this end, it uses two conceptual models within the public policy area: John Kingdon's multiple flows model and Sabatier andJenkinsSmith's political coalitions model (1993; 1999). In this respect, the main contributions are: 1) the application of these models to the area

This work presents particular aspects dealing with the measurement of the spectral response (SR) on multijunction solar cells, a tricky and somewhat complex issue. Here, we demonstrate the development of a facility to measure SR between 300 nm and 1900 nm on III–V solar cells for space applications, particularly oriented to measure large area triple junction (3J) InGaP/GaAs/Ge cells, although it can be utilized to measure other types of devices. The equipment is based on narrowband interference filters and a novel and low cost approach of two dichroic lamps as bias light source, used to select the subcell to be measured using suitable bandpass filters, whereas a simple incandescent halogen lamp is used to generate the monochromatic light beam. The signal is measured on an appropriate resistance inserted in a serial circuit using a lock-in amplifier. Measurement is fully automated, which allows operator independent results. Detailed studies performed on bias spectrum conditions and voltage biasing for these types of cell are showed, as well as a thorough treatment of the uncertainty and measurement error sources. Preliminary SR measurement results demonstrate the good performance of this setup. As an example, the results of the application of this setup to analyze radiation damage induced by 10 MeV protons are shown.