Os prOcessOs de aglOmeraçãO na cOlômbia à luz da nOva geOgrafia ecOnômica Juan esteban vélez villegas * * Desejo agradecer as observações realizadas pelos pesquisadores Jorge Lotero C. da Universidade de Antioquia e a Jaime A. Bonet e Luis Armando Galvis do Banco da República. Este artigo é parte dos produtos derivados do projecto de investigação intitulado: "Estratégia para a Sustentabilidade 2007-2008 Grupo Estudos Regionais", financiado

The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent orders issued to prevent its spread can cause the appearance of mental health symptoms, both of the people who have been infected with the virus, as well as of the rest of the population that has been affected by the uncertainty associated with a pandemic and by the indirect effects on mental health, associated with loneliness, lack of social interactions, anxiety, depression, overwhelm, among others, giving figures that confirm it in older people and people with chronic diseases; children and adolescents; people who are helping with the response, such as doctors and other health care providers; and people who have mental health problems. In this way, people in social isolation, with restricted mobility and with little contact with those around them are more vulnerable to suffering from psychiatric complications, which range from isolated symptoms to the development of a mental disorder, such as insomnia, anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. The mental health and well-being of entire societies have been seriously affected by this crisis and it is a priority to address these two elements urgently. However, people caught up in fragile humanitarian settings or conflict situations risk having their mental health totally overlooked.

Esta investigación estudia los bordes urbanos metropolitanos que están unidos directamente con otras ciudades, su relación, interacción y como estos actúan como un solo territorio, planteándose este en algunos casos como la subordinación de una ciudad principal hacia otras periféricas, además, se observa un desarrollo físico espacial y se compara con los procesos de planificación que se han generado para estas zonas, es decir, observar que los une o los diferencia, la manera orgánica de como estas unifican la ciudad y su propia estructura urbana comportándose como un solo territorio desde los diferentes componentes urbanos: Vías, espacios públicos, usos del suelo, centralidades, diseño urbano y relaciones comunales, dejando a un lado los limites político administrativos que regulan a una escala más global procesos que para las dinámicas socio-espaciales pueden ser desapercibidos. This research studies the metropolitan urban edges that are directly linked with other cities, their relation, interactions and how they act as a single territory, considering this as the subordination of one main city to other peripherals. In some cases, there is a physical space development and it is compared with planning processes that have been generated for these áreas. Furthermore, observations can be made that unite them or the differentiate them in an organic manner. Which points to the city is unified and its own structural urban behavior as a single territory, from the different components of urban structure: roads, public buildings, uses of soil, centers, urban design and community; leaving aside relationships that limit administrative politics that regulate processes which may be unnoticed to the socio-spatial dynamics on a more global scale.

This paper examines the relationship between mortgage default decisions and relevant observable variables under the light of a random utility model. The focus of the study is the Colombian mortgage market between 1997 and 2004 using two separate data sets that are matched using simulation techniques. The estimation allows the computation of mortgage default probabilities that are directly related to an underlying model of optimal default. Results are sharp and indicate that variation in current income has little effect on mortgage default, compared to housing prices and mortgage balances.

Bajo el punto de vista teórico del dispositivo, esta tesis busca comprender cómo cambió el dispositivo Cine Colombiano luego de las reformas legislativas alrededor de la Ley del Cine (Ley 814 de 2003). Para ello construye la historia de ese dispositivo en el siglo XX y narra los resultados de una exhaustiva investigación acerca del proceso de concepción, concertación, redacción y trámite en el Congreso de la Ley del Cine y analiza sus mecanismos, desarrollos legislativos posteriores (Ley 1556 de 2012) y su forma final. Por último, analiza el impacto de la aplicación de la Ley en sus primeros 15 años y se centra en la permanente distancia que ha existido entre el espectador colombiano y el cine colombiano, para construir el debate actual sobre nuevas formas de acceso al audiovisual y sus implicaciones estéticas.