Bacillus clausii is a gram-positive rod used as a probiotic to treat diarrhea and the side effects of antibiotics such as pseudomembranous colitis. We report a case of B. clausii bacteremia in a non-immunocompromised patient with active peptic ulcer disease and acute diarrhea. The probiotic was administered during the patient´s hospitalization due to diarrhea of infectious origin. B. clausii was identified in the bloodstream of the patient through Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF), days after her discharge. Given the wide use of probiotics, we alert clinicians to consider this microorganism as a causative agent when signs of systemic infection, metabolic compromise, hemodynamic instability establish after its administration and there has not been any identified pathogens that could explain the clinical course.

Piscirickettsia salmonis is the aetiological agent of piscirickettsiosis, a bacterial disease that affects farmed salmonids, causing high mortalities and significant economic losses in the Chilean salmon farm industry. Given the Chilean native fish species Patagonian blenny, Eleginops maclovinus, lives in the vicinity of salmon farms, it is relevant to clarify the epidemiological role that this species could play in the transmission and/or dissemination of this pathogen. This study aimed to evaluate the bidirectional transmission of P. salmonis between the Patagonian blenny and Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), via a cohabitation challenge model. The results of this study demonstrated the transmission of the bacteria from Patagonian blennies to rainbow trout, considering the specific mortality in cohabitant rainbow trout, reaching 46%: the necropsy of these specimens, evidencing the characteristic pathological lesions of the disease and the positive results of the qPCR analysis for P. salmonis, in the same individuals. In contrast, no mortalities of Patagonian blenny specimens were recorded in the challenged experimental groups. This study is the first report showing the horizontal transmission of P. salmonis from a native non‐salmonid species, such as the Patagonian blenny, to a salmonid species, generating the disease and specific mortality in rainbow trout, using a cohabitation challenge.

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High morbidity and mortality associated with intracranial aneurysms requires prompt recognition of alarm symptoms due to rupture and timely treatment. Therefore, diagnostic imaging is very important to identify patients in risk and to define endovascular or surgical management. We reviewed the criteria for the uses of flow-diverting stents in intracranial aneurysms, an endovascular method which reduces comorbidities, surgical time and hospital stay. This is a descriptive retrospective trial of seven cases, conducted from 2010 to 2012. Complications were reviewed evidencing post procedural headache and thrombosis as the commonest. Endovascular treatment is safe, efficient and innovative, thus, it may be implemented and diffused. ResumenLa alta morbimortalidad en aneurismas intracraneales exige la identificación rápida de los síntomas de alarma y el tratamiento oportuno en caso de ruptura. De ahí la importancia de las imágenes diagnósticas para identificar a los pacientes en riesgo y definir el manejo endovascular o quirúrgico. Revisamos los criterios para el uso del stent redireccionador de flujo en aneurismas intracraneales, método endovascular que reduce las comorbilidades, el tiempo quirúrgico y la estancia hospitalaria. Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 2010 a 2012 de siete casos. Se presentan las complicaciones siendo la cefalea y la trombosis posterior al procedimiento las más frecuentes. El tratamiento endovascular es seguro, eficaz e innovador y por tanto puede implementarse y difundirse.Palabras clave: aneurismas intracraneales, stent, redirección de flujo. Abreviaturas: AI, aneurisma (s) intracraneal (es). Artículo de investigación científica y tecnológicaManejo de aneurismas intracraneales con stent redireccionador de flujo

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