The Relative Age Effect (RAE) in sport is defined as the age difference in the same sport group. This chronological difference implies a different level of sport experience and performance due to developmental and maturational processes. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relative age effect in elite u-18 basketball according to playing positions. The variables analyzed were: date of birth, playing position and technical-tactical performance indicators in basketball (TTPI). A descriptive analysis was carried out to characterize the sample, a lineal regression was used to analyze the influence of the date of birth on basketball performance and finally an ANOVA and discriminant analysis were performed to identify the differences among different playing positions. The results show the existence of the RAE in the top European Under-18 basketball competition (S1 = 67%; S2 = 33%). Performance indicators which are predictors of the birth quarter (p< .05) were only found in the small forwards (defensive rebounds (β: -.463) and fouls received (β: -.140)) and in the centers (three point throws scored (β: -.321) and tried (β: .342)). These results may be of use for coaches and clubs when recruiting players for each playing position. Older forwards and centers are capable of performing at a higher level. Therefore, clubs have to sign up those players born at the beginning of the year.

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OBJECTIVES: to develop a questionnaire to measure factors associated with physical activity (PA) in adolescents and analyze its reliability and validity. METHODS: a total of 248 adolescents from 14 to 19 years old took part in this study. The factors associated with PA measured were: attitude, self-efficacy, social support of PA and perceived environment. Cronbach's alpha (α) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to test reliability, and exploratory factor analysis to evaluate validity. RESULTS: attitude was measured as a single factor (attitude: α=0.76, ICC=0.89); self-efficacy consisted of two factors: resources for PA (α=0.76, ICC=0.75) and social support and motives for engaging in PA (α=0.76, ICC=0.67); social support was measured as two factors: support for PA from friends (α=0.90, ICC=0.89) and support for PA from parents (α= 0.81, ICC=0.91); and the environment was measured as three factors: access to and attractiveness of places to engage in PA (α=0.69, ICC=0.82), security/safety when engaging in PA (α=0.73, ICC=0.67), and general infrastructure of the neighborhood (α=0.70, ICC=0.75). CONCLUSIONS: the questionnaire exhibited satisfactory validity and reliability and can be recommended for studies investigating adolescents.

Sport coaches in Brazil have been recognized as professionals since the implementation of law 9696 in 1998. However, little is known about the impact of this law on the production of coaching science in this country. In an attempt to situate the sports coaching research produced in Brazil since then, the aim of the current study was to show an overview of Brazilian publications from 2000 to 2015. Eight journals were selected and a review was performed in 425 issues of the journals from 2000 to 2015. As a result, 82 published articles were analyzed. On average, five articles were published each year, with 81.7% of the articles published from 2009 to 2015. The findings illustrate that 37.7% of the articles were focused on coaches’ thinking and 29.5% on coaches’ behaviors, 48.7% used qualitative methods, while 40.3% used quantitative methods and 20.9% used mixed methods. Only two articles attempted to explore the impact of the 1998 legislation on the development of sport coaches in Brazil. In general, research on sport coaching in Brazil seems to be emerging on an international level, as there has been an increase in publications over the past seven years, especially in the lead-up to the Rio2016 Summer Olympic Games.

Resumo: O objetivo desta investigação foi analisar a carreira de professores de Educação Física, considerando os ciclos da trajetória profissional docente. Participaram do estudo descritivo-exploratório bietápico 64 professores de Educação Física atuantes em escolas municipais de Porto Alegre/RS. No primeiro momento foram aplicados questionários (n=64) e no segundo momento realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas (n=13). Os resultados possibilitaram a identificação de cinco ciclos que caracterizam a carreira docente dos professores de Educação Física, nomeadamente a Entrada na Carreira, Consolidação das Competências Profissionais na Carreira, Afirmação e Diversificação na Carreira, Renovação na Carreira e Maturidade na Carreira. A continuação dos estudos é sugerida para acompanhar docentes após o processo de aposentadoria, bem como ampliar a caracterização dos diferentes ciclos da carreira de professores de Educação Física.Abstract: This investigation looked into the career of the Physical Education teachers, considering the cycles of their professional trajectories. Sixty-two Physical Education teachers working in municipal schools in Porto Alegre, RS, participated in the descriptiveexploratory two-stage study. First, questionnaires were applied (n= 64) and then semistructured interviews (n= 13) were conducted. Besides, it was possible to identify the cycles that characterize the educational career of Physical Education teachers, which are: entrance; consolidation of professional competences; affirmation and diversification; renewal; and maturity. More studies are suggested for following teachers after they retire as well as to broaden the characterization of the different career cycles of Physical Education teachers.Resumen: El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la carrera de profesores de Educación Física, considerando los ciclos de su trayectoria profesional docente. Participaron del estudio descriptivo exploratorio bietápico 64 profesores de Educación Física que actúan en escuelas municipales de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. En el primer momento se aplicaron cuestionarios (n=64) y en el segundo momento se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas (n=13). Los resultados posibilitaron la identificación de cinco ciclos que caracterizan la carrera docente de los profesores de Educación Física, que son: Entrada en la Carrera, Consolidación de las Competencias Profesionales en la Carrera, Consolidación y Diversificación en la Carrera, Renovación en la Carrera y Madurez en la Carrera. La continuación de los estudios se sugiere para acompañar a los docentes después del proceso de jubilación, así como ampliar la caracterización de los diferentes ciclos de la carrera de los profesores de Educación Física. Palavras chave:Mobilidade profissional. Educação Física e treinamento. Socialização.