Many large organizations today are finding that even if they can access data from multiple functions, the lack of logical data integration (common

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The managers whose responses are being used to assess I/S success were surveyed as part of a large research project, the User Needs Survey. The project is being conducted atM.I.T.'s Center for Information Systems Research (CISR), with Dr. Robert M. Alloway as Principal Investigator.^The purpose of the User Needs Survey is to recommend improved information systems policies and procedures. The study was motivated by the desire to better understand the managers who are end users of computer-based systems and the issues involved in fulfilling their information needs. THE FOUR TYPES OF SYSTEMS To establish the base case, user managers listed and classified by type the systems they already have. A straightforward classification of application systems type was used in the questionnaire. See Figure 3.