Primary sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is an idiopathic and rare condition characterized by chronic peritoneal inflammation. We describe the case of an intraoperative diagnosis of SEP, presenting as a mimicker of small bowel obstruction. The patient was a 59-year-old male with suspected small bowel obstruction. On exploratory laparotomy, it was noted that there was thick fibrous tissue involving the visceral and parietal peritoneum enveloping grossly dilated loops of small bowel. This case reports on the histopathological features of peritoneal biopsies as well as radiological findings. There is no consensus regarding the standard management for idiopathic SEP. The present case demonstrates a significant improvement in the patient’s condition with conservative management alone. A critical teaching point is that in the absence of an obvious cause, SEP is a rare but important differential diagnosis for surgeons to consider in the context of recurrent bowel obstruction.

I n spite of many advanιes in medicine , anesthetic technique and surgical managements, p 비 monary problems are the most frequent postoperative complications, particularl y after abdominal surgery.As postoperative pulmonary complications, atelectasis, pleural effusion , pneumonia, chronic bronchitis and lung abscess can be occured. The results were as foll ows:1. 70 cases out of total 2006 cases (3 .5 %) developed flostoperative chest complications, 51 cases (5.5 %) in male.19 cases (1 .8%) in female.2. The complication rate was increased according to the increase of age. The incidence of the postoperative complications over 40 years of age was higher than the overall average complication rate.3. The most common postoperative pulmonary complication was pleural effusion , next pneumonia, atelectasis and pulmonary edema respectively. 4. The complication rate of the group of upper abdominal surgery is much higher than the group of lower abdom inal surgery. 5. Complication rate was increased according to increase of the duration of operation.6. There were significant correlations between the operation site and side of the complicated hemithorax .

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