Trainees significantly improved their advanced laparoscopic skills to a level compared with expert surgeons. More importantly, these acquired skills were transferred to a more complex live model.
In this preliminary report, with 52% of advanced tumor, the 3-year overall and stage-by-stage survival was comparable for laparoscopic and open curative gastrectomy.
Anatomic liver resection is an effective treatment in selected patients with hepatolithiasis and is associated with low morbidity and no mortality. At longterm follow-up, anatomic hepatectomy in these patients was associated with a lower rate of recurrence.
Significant acquisition of microsurgical skills was achieved by trainees to a level similar to that of experienced surgeons. Acquired skills were transferred to a more complex live model.
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