Abstract:The adaptation of psychological instruments is a complex process that requires a high methodological rigor. Because there is no consensus in the literature about its steps, this article discuss some essential aspects regarding the crosscultural adaptation of psychological instruments and proposes guidelines to the researchers about the different steps of this process. Some considerations regarding the validation of the adapted instrument are also presented. In this stage, we discuss some aspects regarding the factorial structure of the instrument, which might be evaluated through statistical procedures, such as exploratory and confi rmatory factor analysis. More than that, the authors provide some guidelines to the validation of psychological instruments in different cultures.Keywords: translating, adaptation, psychological testing, psychometrics Adaptação e Validação de Instrumentos Psicológicos entre Culturas: Algumas ConsideraçõesResumo: A adaptação de instrumentos psicológicos é um processo complexo que requer elevado rigor metodológico. Por não haver consenso na literatura sobre suas etapas, o presente artigo discute alguns aspectos essenciais concernentes à adaptação transcultural de instrumentos psicológicos e propõe diretrizes aos pesquisadores sobre os diferentes passos desse processo. São apresentadas, também, algumas considerações referentes à validação do instrumento adaptado. Nesta etapa, são discutidos os aspectos referentes à estrutura fatorial do instrumento, a qual requer avaliação por meio de procedimentos estatísticos, como análises fatoriais exploratórias e confi rmatórias, sendo fornecidas algumas diretrizes gerais para a validação de instrumentos psicológicos em diferentes culturas. Palavras-chave: tradução, adaptação, testes psicológicos, psicometria Adaptación y Validación de Instrumentos Psicológicos entre Culturas: Algunas ConsideracionesResumen: La adaptación de instrumentos psicológicos es un proceso complejo que requiere bastante rigor metodológico. Ya que no hay consenso sobre sus etapas, el presente artículo discute algunos aspectos esenciales sobre la adaptación transcultural de instrumentos psicológicos y propone directrices a los investigadores sobre los diferentes pasos de este proceso. Son presentadas, también, algunas consideraciones referentes a la validación del instrumento adaptado. En esta etapa, son discutidos aspectos referentes a la estructura factorial del instrumentos, la cual debe ser evaluada mediante procedimientos estadísticos como el análisis factorial exploratorio y confi rmatorio. Además, se incluyen algunas directrices para la validación de instrumentos psicológicos en culturas diversas. Palabras clave: traducción, adaptación, testes psicológicos, psicometríaThe adaptation of psychological instruments is a complex task that requires careful planning regarding its content maintenance, psychometric properties, and general validity for the intended population (Cassepp-Borges, Balbinotti, & Teodoro, 2010). During this process, one must provide both the e...
The Resilience Scale (RS) was developed to evaluate the levels of resilience in the general population. Its reduced version (RS-14) has presented reliable internal consistency and external validity. However, its psychometric properties have not been systematically evaluated. The objective of this study was to present the psychometric properties of the Brazilian RS-14. A total of 1,139 subjects selected by convenience (62.9% women) from 14 to 59 years old (M = 26.1, SD = 11.61) participated in the study. Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) and parallel analysis were conducted in order to assess the factor structure of the scale. A 13-item single-factor solution was achieved. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and multigroup CFA (MGCFA) corroborated the goodness of fit and measurement invariance of the obtained exploratory solution. The levels of resilience correlated negatively with depression and positively with meaning in life and self-efficacy.
ResumoO objetivo deste artigo teórico é discutir a prática e a formação em avaliação psicológica no contexto brasileiro. Para tanto, serão apresentadas as resoluções e documentos normativos do Conselho Federal de Psicologia, bem como artigos teóricos e empíricos de referência na área e que contextualizam o cenário atual da avaliação psicológica no Brasil, suas particularidades e principais difi culdades. Especifi camente, será discutido o papel das instituições de ensino superior para a formação de psicólogos devidamente capacitados para atuação na avaliação psicológica nos seus diferentes campos de inserção. Aponta-se para a necessidade de uma refl exão quanto ao ensino de avaliação psicológica nos cursos de graduação em Psicologia, os quais ainda apresentam carga horária insufi ciente e recursos materiais e humanos incipientes. Entende-se que a formação básica e continuada é a principal forma de minimizar o preconceito pertinente à área e, que de certo modo, está atrelado aos problemas éticos e técnicos ainda presentes na prática da avaliação psicológica no contexto brasileiro atual. Palavras-chave:Avaliação psicológica, formação do psicólogo, testes psicológicos. AbstractThe aim of this article is to discuss the practice and training of psychological assessment in the Brazilian context. Resolutions and normative documents from the Brazilian Federal Council of Psychology as well as theoretical and empirical reference articles discussing the main diffi culties and particularities of psychological assessment in Brazil are presented. Specifi cally, the article highlights the role of Brazilian higher education institutions on the proper training for psychologists and their ability to conduct a psychological assessment in different contexts. It points toward a necessity to refl ect upon the teachings of psychological assessment in undergraduate psychology courses, which still lack suffi cient academic time loads, materials and experienced professors. It is understood that basic training and ongoing education are the principal ways to minimize the prejudice in this area and those related to the ethical and technical problems still present in the practice of psychological assessment within the current Brazilian context. ResumenEl objetivo de este artículo es discutir la práctica y la formación de la evaluación psicológica en el contexto brasileño. Para ello, presentamos las resoluciones y documentos normativos del consejo federal de psicología, así como trabajos de referencia en el área, tanto teóricos como empíricos, los cuales contextualizan el actual escenario de la evaluación psicológica en Brasil, sus particularidades y principales difi cultades. Específi camente, se analizará el papel de las instituciones de educación superior para la formación adecuada de los psicólogos en la práctica de la evaluación psicológica en sus diferentes ámbitos de inserción. Se apunta a la necesidad de una refl exión en lo que compete a la educación sobre la evaluación psicológica en las carreras de grado en Psicología, las cuales to...
ResumoO presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar a dimensionalidade da Escala de Estresse Percebido em sua versão de 10 itens (PSS-10) em uma amostra de professores (N = 517). Uma análise fatorial exploratória pelo método de extração minimum rank factor analysis, utilizando a matriz de correlações policóricas e o critério de análise paralela para retenção dos fatores indicou a solução unifatorial como a mais ajustada aos dados. Os itens possuíram cargas fatoriais adequadas e o fator retido explicou 67% da variância comum dos escores, apresentando consistência interna ( = 0,80). Este estudo fornece evidências de validade da PSS-10 no contexto brasileiro. Palavras-chave: Escala de Estresse Percebido, PSS-10, análise fatorial exploratória, análise paralela, métodos robustos. AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the dimensionality of the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) in a sample of school teachers (N = 517). An exploratory factor analysis done by the extraction method of minimum rank factor analysis, using polychoric correlation matrix and parallel analysis criterion for factor retention, indicated a one-factor solution as the best fi t to the data. The items showed adequate factor loadings and the retained factor explained 67% of common scores variance, presenting internal consistency ( = .80). This study provides validity evidences of the PSS-10 for the Brazilian context.
Background. To compare Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) findings for a large Brazilian general population sample with those for US children considering: (a) mean problem item ratings; (b) fit of the US-derived CBCL 8-syndrome model; (c) scale internal consistency measured by Cronbach's alphas; (d) effects of society, age, gender on CBCL problem scores; and (e) ability to discriminate referred from non-referred children. Methods. Parents of 1228 non-referred 6-to-11-year-olds from three different regions of Brazil and 247 referred 6-to-11-year-olds from one clinic rated their children's behavioural and emotional problems using the CBCL/6-18. Results. Results for mean item ratings and scale internal consistencies were very similar to those found in the US and in Uruguay. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that Brazilian data showed the best fit to the US 8-syndrome model of all countries studied to date. Gender patterns were comparable to those reported in other societies, but mean problem scores for non-referred Brazilian children were higher than those for US children. Therefore, the CBCL discriminated less well between non-referred and referred children in Brazil than in the US. Conclusions. Overall, our findings replicated those reported in international comparisons of CBCL scores for 31 societies, thereby providing support for the multicultural robustness of the CBCL in Brazil.
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