Landing data are the most basic information used to manage fisheries, although they are often unavailable or incomplete. The objective of this work was to reconstruct the national database of marine commercial landings for the Brazilian industrial and artisanal fisheries, from 1950 to 2015. Total landings increased strongly from 1950 to mid-1980s and suffered sharp decline in the early 1990s, mainly associated to the collapse of sardine fisheries. After that, another period of increasing landings was observed, but at a much lower rate. Industrial landings always surpassed artisanal landings in Brazilian waters, except for the beginning of the time series, when many industrial fleets had not started yet, and in the early 2000s, when a change in the methodology for collecting landing statistics was implemented in the state of Pará leading to an overestimation of artisanal landings. Artisanal fisheries have been declining since 2005, which is worrisome due to the social impact it may have on local income and food security. Regional differences were also observed, with industrial landings being always higher than artisanal landings in southeastern-southern Brazil, while the opposite was true for the northern-northeastern regions. Higher landings were observed in the southeastern-southern regions when both artisanal and industrial fleets were combined. Sardine and demersal fishes were the main resources landed by industrial fishers. Artisanal fishers caught more species than their industrial counterpart, featuring Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, Cynoscion acoupa, and Ucides cordatus. Although the fishing of Epinephelus itajara was banned in Brazil, it continues to be landed. Yet, catches of this species and others under some threat status are still not properly registered, including: Carcharhinus longimanus, Galeorhinus galeus, Sphyrna lewini, Sphyrna mokarran, Pristis pectinata, and Pseudobatos horkelii. Fishing resources not identified in previous landing reconstruction efforts, such as sea urchins and sea cucumbers, have now been reported. The database presented here should be continuously updated and improved. It is of paramount importance to resume the collection of landing statistics, including information on fishing effort, to assess the relative impact of fisheries and environmental factors on the main Brazilian fishing stocks.

RESUMOUm experimento foi conduzido no setor de Suinocultura da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento e parâmetros fisiológicos de leitões nas primeiras 24 horas de vida. Foram utilizados 82 leitões de genética comercial para crescimento rápido, sendo realizadas observações a cada cinco minutos do comportamento dos animais. Foram mensuradas as temperaturas retal e de superfície, além da freqüência respiratória em intervalo de uma hora. Os resultados obtidos com o estudo comportamental demonstraram que os leitões passam mais da metade (53,8%) do seu primeiro dia de vida dormindo dedicando somente 31,2% à ingestão de leite. A temperatura retal dos leitões recém nascidos e a temperatura superficial da pele aumentaram (P<0,05) após nove horas de vida. Entretanto, a temperatura superficial no pernil não foi influenciada (P>0,05) nas primeiras 24 horas de vida. A freqüência respiratória não foi influenciada (P>0,05). Leitões recém-nascidos com genética para alta deposição de tecido magro apresentam reação ao ambiente logo nas primeiras horas de vida. A elevação das temperaturas retal e superficial dos animais evidenciaram tentativa de controle termorregulatório a partir da nona hora de vida.Termos para indexação: Suínos, temperatura retal, termorregulação. ABSTRACTAn experiment was carried out in the swine sector of North Fluminense State University to evaluate the behavior and physiological parameters of piglets in the first 24 hours of life. A total of 82 growing piglets from commercial genetic lines were used. Observations of individual piglet behavior were made each five minutes. Rectal and superficial temperature of the piglets were evaluated. Moreover, respiratory frequency was observed each one-hour interval. Results showed that piglets take a little more than half of their first day of life time sleeping (53,8%) and only 31,2% sucking. Rectal and superficial temperature increased after nine hours of life. However, superficial temperature of ham and respiratory frequency were not influenced. Newborn piglets from commercial genetic lines showed reaction to environment in the first hour of life. Moreover, the increase in rectal and superficial temperature evidenced attempt to maintain thermoregulatory control after nine hours of life.

Mudanças e transformações decorrentes da era tecnológica vêm delineando um cenário dinâmico repercutindo progressivo desenvolvimento organizacional na iniciativa privada. No âmbito das instituições públicas, contudo, ainda há nuances de modelos de gestão típicos do século passado. Neste contexto, o papel dos líderes nas organizações públicas mostra-se preponderante no processo de ruptura com paradigmas obsoletos. Assim, a proposta deste estudo é explorar o campo sobre os estilos de liderança adotados por gestores no âmbito da iniciativa pública. Para a sua viabilização foi utilizado o Analytic Hierarchy Process – AHP que permitiu realizar comparações paritárias, a partir da hierarquização dos fatores relevantes, identificados por especialistas. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de survey aplicada aos chefes de departamentos acadêmicos, em uma instituição federal de ensino superior, a qual compreende a unidade de pesquisa. Achados revelam que o estilo de liderança apresenta correlação com o resultado do trabalho e com reposicionamento organizacional.

RESUMO Alternative sources of calcium and phosphorus for commercial laying hensABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the monoammonium phosphate (MAP) as a source of phosphorus and Paraíso limestone (CP) with higher magnesium levels (1.92%) as a source of calcium for commercial layers. A total of 280 white Dekalb chickens were housed in individual cages during the period from 46 to 58 weeks old.A completely randomized experimental design, with four diets, seven replicates and ten birds per experimental unit were used. The diets were: FBC/CB -dicalcium phosphate and Barroso limestone (gray); FBC/CP -dicalcium phosphate and Paraíso limestone (white); MAP/CB -monoammonium phosphate and Barroso limestone; MAP/CP -monoammonium phosphate and Paraíso limestone. Egg production, mean weight and egg mass; feed intake and feed conversion were evaluate, and also shell percentage and thickness. Egg production, mean egg weight and mass improved with the use MAP with both evaluated limestone. Feed intake and feed conversion improved with utilization of MAP as source of phosphorus. Egg shell percentage and thickness were not affected by calcium source in the diet, hence, the higher level of Mg and finer particles of Paraíso limestone did not impaired egg shell quality. No alterations were observed in feces consistency and survival rate of the layers. The nitrogen excretion was 10% higher for birds that received MAP as a phosphorus source. Monoammonium phosphate could be used as an alternative source of phosphorus replacing dicalcium phosphate; and Paraíso limestone is technically viable for feeding commercial layers without problems for egg production and shell quality.