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On the day of vaccine delivery, the subject unfortunately, declined in clinical status, and it was determined that the vaccine delivery would have no chance of benefit so it was not administered.In conclusion, the emergency use IND process is readily accessible even when considering experimental gene transfer products. Although the clinical course of their diseases may not allow all the index patients to benefit from this process, those that do justify the effort.The actual time sequence for our emergency use IND approval process is shown in Table 1.

Background High-risk medulloblastoma are defined by the presence of metastatic disease and/or incomplete resection and/or unfavorable histopathology and/or tumors with MYC amplification. We aimed to assess the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and define the molecular characteristics associated with PFS in patients aged 5 to 19 years with newly diagnosed high-risk medulloblastoma treated according to the phase 2 trial PNET HR+5. Methods All children received postoperative induction chemotherapy (etoposide and carboplatin), followed by 2 high-dose thiotepa courses (600 mg/m 2) with hematological stem cell support. At the latest 45 days after the last stem cell rescue, patients received risk-adapted craniospinal radiation therapy. Maintenance treatment with temozolomide was planned to start between 1-3 months after the end of radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was PFS. Outcome and safety analyses were per protocol (all patients who received at least one dose of induction chemotherapy). Results Fifty-one patients (median age, 8 years; range, 5-19) were enrolled. The median follow-up was 7.1 years (range: 3.4-9.0). The 3 and 5-year PFS with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were 78% (65-88) and 76% (63-86), and the 3 and 5-year OS were 84% (72-92) and 76% (63-86), respectively. Medulloblastoma subtype was a statistically significant prognostic factor (p-value=0.039) with large-cell/anaplastic being of worse prognosis, as well as molecular subgroup (p-value=0.012) with SHH and group 3 being of worse prognosis than WNT and group 4. Therapy was well tolerated. Conclusions This treatment based on high-dose chemotherapy and conventional radiotherapy resulted in a high survival rate in children with newly diagnosed high-risk medulloblastoma.

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