Arch Argent Pediatr 2015;113(6):e345-e348 / e345Presentación de casos clínicos RESUMEN La actinomicosis es una enfermedad producida por bacterias del género Actinomyces. La forma torácica representa el 30% de los casos. La evolución es habitualmente crónica, con clínica variable. Se presenta una niña de 11 años de edad con tumefacción subescapular derecha de un mes de evolución, asociada a fiebre, hiporexia y pérdida de peso. Se diagnosticó actinomicosis torácica producida por Actinomyces meyeri. Recibió tratamiento antibiótico durante un año, con resolución completa. Aunque es poco frecuente, debe ser tenida en cuenta como diagnóstico diferencial en cuadros de tumoración torácica de larga evolución con compromiso del estado general. Debe informarse al microbiólogo la sospecha diagnóstica por lo difícil de su desarrollo en los medios de cultivo habitual. Palabras clave: actinomicosis torácica, Actinomyces, niño. ABSTRACT Actinomycosis is a disease produced by bacteria of the genusActinomyces. The thoracic form represents 30% of the cases. Signs and symptoms are generally unspecific. A previously healthy 11 year old girl was admitted with a chest mass of a month of evolution associated with fever, hyporexia and weight loss. Thoracic actinomycosis was diagnosed with the isolation of Actinomyces meyeri in the mass drainage. She received antibiotic treatment for a year with complete resolution. Although rare, it should be taken into account as a differential diagnosis in long evolution thoracic tumor affecting the general condition. The microbiologist must be warned about the suspected diagnosis because it is difficult to find it in routinely used culture media.
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