The management of thoracolumbar (TL) burst fractures remained challenging. Due to the complex nature of the fractured vertebrae and the lack of clinical and biomechanical evidence, currently, there was still no guideline to select the optimal posterior fixation strategy for TL burst fracture. We utilized a T10-L3 TL finite element model to simulate L1 burst fracture and four surgical constructs with one or two-level suprajacent and infrajacent instrumentation (U1L1, U1L2, U2L1, and U2L2). The present study was aimed to compare the biomechanical properties and find an optimal fixation strategy for TL burst fracture in order to minimize motion in the fractured level without exerting significant burden in the construct. Our result showed that two-level infrajacent fixation (U1L2 and U2L2) resulted in greater motion reduction ranging from 66.0 to 87.3 precents compared to 32.0 to 47.3 percents in one-level infrajacent fixation. Flexion produced the largest pathological motion in the fractured level but the differences between the constructs were small, all within 0.26 degrees. Comparisons in implant stress showed that U2L1 and U2L2 had an average 25.3 and 24.8 percent less von Mises stress in the pedicle screws compared to U1L1 and U1L2, respectively. The construct of U2L1 had better preservation of physiological motion while providing sufficient ROM reduction at the fractured level. We suggested that U2L1 was a good alternative to the standard long-segment fixation with better preservation of motion and without an increased risk of implant failure.

Mainland China has seen significant expansion in its luxury goods market over the past decade and is on track to become the world's largest luxury consumer by 2025. Understanding the most current consumption patterns of Chinese luxury consumers is pertinent to brand success in China. The purpose of this paper is to examine how domestic luxury brands can optimize their marketing strategies to better adapt to the Chinese luxury market, which foreign brands now dominate. This study analyses the market's consumer behaviour and business strategy through three research designs: (1) The literature research approach is used to analyse Chinese consumer behaviours. The result shows a growing trend of digitalization and preference for domestic brands in recent years. Furthermore, the digitalization trend also reveals the bandwagon effect, where consumers purchase a certain brand to establish their sense of belonging to a designated group.(2) The case study approach analyses luxury brands Shanghai Tang and Louis Vuitton to gain insights on business strategies. Shanghai Tang succeeded from its focus on customer experience but suffered from ambiguous brand positioning. Meanwhile, LV could take advantage of social media platforms such as Xiaohongshu to align with current trends. (3) Using summary and induction, three strategies are suggested for domestic luxury brands: introducing dailylife products, brand-specific customer demand assessments, and digitalization. This study's findings fill the gap for the lack of understanding in regards to luxury Chinese fashion brands. The result provides insight into the current Chinese luxury market and marketing strategies, which can be adapted by both domestic and foreign brands.

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Over-application of nitrogen is widespread in greenhouse vegetable production in China and induces environmental problems. The nitrogen leaching lose from unsuitable irrigation has proved to be the bottleneck of reducing nitrogen application, and timely and adequate irrigation so became one of the key countermeasures for reduction of nitrogen application. This experiment was conducted to schedule irrigation with tensiometers and pan evaporation, probing the effects of that on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMill) fruit yield and soil nitrate. The results show that i) when Kcp=1.2, tomato obtain high yield while Kcp=0.4 or 0.8, the corresponding irrigation cannot meet plant need for water and lead to yield reduction, and ii) comparing with conventional irrigation, pan-evaporation-based irrigation schedules significantly reduce the amount of irrigation water to deeper soil layers, thereby limiting nutrient in soil solution downward, which results in much lower NO3-N content in subsoil and greatly mitigate the risk of nitrate leaching loss.

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