Background: Flavonoids are naturally occurring compounds that can regulate certain transcription factors. Results: We identified the flavonoid luteolin as a repressor of HNF4␣ and revealed that dietary luteolin improves high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorder in mice. Conclusion: HNF4␣ is a target of luteolin. Significance: Modulation of HNF4␣ activity through luteolin may be of therapeutic value in atherosclerotic disease.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the depression and death anxiety of The Elderly, to explore the moderate effect of self-esteem on those relationship and to suggest practical implications for social work services for those the elderly. Data for this study were collected through the use of a survey instrument completed by 146 samples over 60 years of age. Collected data were analysed by moderated multiple regression. The findings of this study were as follows: First, this study provided clear evidence that the depression was very important variable which affected on death anxiety of The Elderly. Second, the self-esteem had moderate effect on relationship between depression and death anxiety. Based on these findings, the research discussion reinforced the importance of depression management, self-esteem and suggested effective intervention programs.■ keyword :|Elderly|Depression|Self-esteem|Death Anxiety|

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of economic stress in the relationship between Perceived Income Inequality and Suicidal Ideation among old adults. To achieve this objective, this study analyzed basic statistics, reliability, correlation, and regression (tolerance and variance inflation factor) with the help of SPSS ver. 18.0. using data of 532 elderlies over 65 years old who live in Jeollanam-do. The main study results were as follows.The result shows the significant medicating effect of economic stress in the relationship between Income Inequality and Suicidal Ideation. Based on these results, political and practical implications are proposed.■ keyword :|Income Inequality|Economic Stress|Suicidal Ideation|Mediating Effect|

As urban regeneration and revitalization projects become increasingly popular in Korea, interests in residential environment, landscape improvement and community activities have risen, resulting in increased interest in community garden, a type of urban agriculture. However, the concept of community garden in Korea is yet to be defined apart from the general concept of urban agriculture. Also, any discussion regarding a practical scheme for community gardens remains nascent. Therefore, in order to define and to understand community gardens, and to draw meaningful implications for the community garden research in Korea, this study conducted a preliminary field survey of four North American cities from where the idea of community gardening originates.A total of 166 community gardens in Seattle, New York, Philadelphia and Vancouver were visited during this survey. Four community gardens from each city were selected for further analysis, with particular emphasis on spatial organization and social functions. The results showed that the community gardens in each city perform a diverse array of functions depending on location, type and societal needs. Community gardens in Seattle and Vancouver, which may be classified as 'uptown,' focused on their roles as fields of 'community participation.' Those in New York and Philadelphia, which are classified as 'downtown,' emphasized their function in 'urban beautification.' This study demonstrates that the community gardens in North America serve their roles as urban amenities and multi-functional public spaces for the entire local population. The implication of the results is that considerations for the social roles the community gardens serve and the spatial elements that allow the space to perform such functions are necessary for the further developments in the community garden research in Korea.

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