NOMENCLATURE c = double layer capacitance R s = electrolyte resistance τ = charging time constant ρ = specific resistivity d = distance between electrodes φ c = charged potential of the double layer φ 0 = applied potential t p = pulse on-time Surface texturing with micro-dimples is a known method for friction reduction under lubricated sliding contact, and various machining techniques have been researched and developed in order to fabricate micro-dimple patterns. However, previous fabrication methods possess several problems, such as causing thermal damage on the workpiece or limiting the available workpiece geometry. In micro ECM, micro features can be machined without any resulting thermal or mechanical damage. From this perspective, micro ECM has certain advantages over surface texturing. Also, micro ECM is applicable to non-planar workpieces. In this research study, micro ECM with microsecond pulses was applied in order to fabricate a micro-dimple pattern. The machining characteristics were investigated in fabricating micro dimples on AISI 440C specimen. On the basis of the experimental results, a Ø 300 µm dimple pattern was successively produced on the AISI 440C specimen. A friction test on the textured specimen was performed and compared with a non-textured specimen. The enhancement of frictional performance was successfully demonstrated experimentally.

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Drug-induced dyskinesia is an involuntary muscle movement caused by various dopamine receptor-blocking drug exposure, such as antipsychotics, antidepressants, and antiemetics. Causative drug removal is the main treatment for drug-induced dyskinesia whenever possible because its pathophysiology lacks a universally accepted mechanism; however, the symptoms can persist for years or decades in many patients even after causative drug removal. Herein, we present a case of drug-induced dyskinesia in a 61-year-old female patient who consumed medication for approximately 10 years for her depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Cervical and facial dyskinesia was suggested to be related to perphenazine and levosulpiride administration. The patient received acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herbal medicine, and chuna treatment for 81 days during hospitalization. The symptoms were evaluated using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale, Tsui's score, and Numeric Rating Scale, which revealed remarkable improvement, suggesting the effectiveness of combined Korean medicine for drug-induced dyskinesia.