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This paper is to propose a practical method for two-step fault location of distribution network with incomplete measurement. In the first step, the Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm (ACO) which is applied for location in measurement areas is used to locate in the whole networks. In the second step, the theory of rough set is used, which can locate faults in non-measurement areas. This paper is proposed a calculation flow for location model, and a 10kV distribution system of Hangzhou was used for simulating and verifying that the proposed method was effective.

This paper is to propose a management method of distribution network's wide-area reactive power control with low voltage-violated buses. The concept of voltage-violated bus was proposed, and based on this concept, the distribution network's reactive power control with low voltage-violated buses was established. This model was composed of the controlled voltage sub-model for weak areas and the reactive power optimization sub-model for non-weak areas. The objectives were the minimum downside voltage deviation for voltage-violated buses and the minimum real power loss respectively. The set of constraints were based on the conventional reactive power optimization constraints and including updating the lower voltage boundary constantly. In order to enhance solving-efficiency, the parallel cooperative co-evolutionary differential evolution algorithm (PCCD-EA) is hired for solving the proposed model. Finally, a distribution system with 55 buses of Hangzhou was used for simulating and verifying that the proposed method was effective.