Molecular oxygen serves as a useful oxidant for the glycol scission of 1,2-diols and the Hofmann rearrangement of primary amides using pentamethyliodobenzene as a catalyst. The use of isobutyraldehyde and Lewis basic nitriles under O enabled the iodine(i)/(iii) catalytic cycle, where in situ-generated peracid acts as a terminal oxidant.

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The low valent nickel complexes generated in situ from nickel(II) chloride, triphenylphosphine, sodium iodide, and zinc powder in dimethylformamide catalyze the Ullmann-type homo-coupling of aryl trifluoromethanesulfonates to biaryls under ultrasounds irradiation.

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