Enzymatic preparation from culture of keratinolytic Bacillus cereus PCM 2849 was applied for hydrolysis of whole chicken feathers, after sulphitolytic pretreatment. This process was optimized using a three-factor Box-Behnken design, where the effect of substrate concentration, sulphite concentration during pretreatment and reaction temperature was evaluated on the release of amino acids. Obtained results revealed the highest impact of reaction temperature, followed by substrate content and sulphite during pretreatment. Optimal process conditions were established, i.e. temperature 44.4 o C, feathers 4.7% and treatment with 25.3 mM sulphite. Amino acid composition of the obtained hydrolysate was analyzed. Glutamic acid (9.21 g . kg -1 ) and proline were dominant, however signifi cant amount of branched-chain amino acids was also observed. The FTIR analysis of residual substrate revealed the cleavage of disulphide bonds in keratin through the presence of thioester residues. The absence of reduced cysteine residues was confi rmed, along with minor changes in proportions of keratin substructures.
Kumulacja pierza drobiowego jako surowca odpadowego w rodowisku naturalnym stanowi problem ekologiczny i sanitarny z uwagi na wysok odporno na degradacj oraz na moliwo wystpowania patogennych mikroorganizmw.Prezentowane badania przybliaj moliwo wykorzystania szczepionki bakterii z rodzaju Bacillus do degradacji keratyny pir natywnych. Pira szczepione bakteriami B. subtilis B172 w wyszym stopniu podlegay biodegradacji zarwno w hodowli wgbnej jak rwnie w solid state, w stosunku do odpowiednika nieinokulowanego. Przejawiao si to w ubytku masy o 30% wyszym w hodowli inokulowanej, wizualnym obrazie oraz w parametrach biochemicznych keratynolizy, np. ilo biaka rozpuszczalnego wysza o 71% w stosunku do hodowli nieinokulowanej. Ponadto wykazano zdolno bakterii do tworzenia biofilmw na substracie keratynowym, co jest dodatkowym czynnikiem mogcym intensyfikowa proces keratynolizy.Przeprowadzone badania wskazuj alternatywn i ekologiczn metod degradacji pierza kurzego z zastosowaniem szczepionki keratynolitycznych bakterii B. subtilis B172.
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