Mikroplastik merupakan partikel plastik yang berukuran ≤5 mm. Ukurannya yang kecil menyebabkannya dapat tertransportasikan ke seluruh tempat dan biota termasuk ikan. Ikan pelagis jenis ikan kembung dan ikan selar merupakan salah satu biota laut bernilai ekonomis tinggi dan banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan mikroplastik pada ikan kembung dan ikan selar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel ikan kembung diambil di TPI Tambak Lorok Semarang, sedangkan ikan selar diambil dari TPI Tawang Rowosari Kendal. Penelitian ini dilakukan  pada bulan Juni–Desember 2020. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu dimulai dengan pengambilan sampel, pengukuran sampel, pembedahan sampel, pelarutan sampel, pemisahan partikel mikroplastik, penyaringan partikel, dan identifikasi langsung secara visual menggunakan mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat mikroplastik pada ikan selar dan kembung di TPI Semarang dan Kendal. Mikroplastik paling banyak dengan rerata 25,2 partikel pada insang dan 19,1 partikel pada pencernaan ditemukan pada ikan kembung di TPI Tambak Lorok, pada ikan selar (Selaroides leptolepis) ditemukan rerata 10,1 partikel pada insang dan 8,4 partikel pada pencernaan. Hasil yang didapatkan ditemukan bentuk fiber, fragmen, pelet, dan film, dengan warna yang beragam yaitu hitam, coklat, biru, putih, merah, transparan, dan kuning.  Microplastics are plastic particles with a size of 5 mm. Its small size causes it easy to be transported to all places, including fish. Pelagic fish species of mackerel and selar fish are one of the marine biota that are economically feasible and widely consumed by the public. This study aims to determine the content of microplastics in mackerel and selar fish. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Mackerel fish samples were taken at TPI Tambak Lorok Semarang, while selar fish were taken from TPI Tawang Rowosari Kendal. This research was conducted in June – December 2020. The stages of the research carried out were starting with sampling, measuring samples, separating samples, separating microplastic particles, evaluating particles, and directly using a microscope. The results showed that there were microplastics in selar and mackerel in TPI Semarang and Kendal. The most microplastics with an average of 25.2 particles in the gills and 19.1 particles in the digestion were found in mackerel at TPI Tambak Lorok, in selar fish (Selaroides leptolepis) an average of 10.1 particles were found in the gills and 8.4 particles in digestion. The results obtained were found in the form of fibers, fragments, pellets, and films, with various colors, namely black, brown, blue, white, red, transparent, and yellow.

Mikroplastik adalah salah satu pencemar laut. Mikroplastik tidak dapat terdegradasi dengan cepat. Mikroplastik merupakan partikel plastik yang berukuran <5mm. Ukurannya yang kecil menyebabkannya dapat tertransportasikan ke seluruh tempat termasuk sistem tubuh ikan dan cumi-cumi. Penelitian dilakukan bertujuan mengetahui mikroplastik pada cumi – cumi (Loligo sp.) dan ikan kembung (Rastrelliger sp.). Penelitian dilakukan bulan Juli 2020 – November 2020 di Semarang Jawa Tengah. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di TPI Tambak Lorok Semarang.  Pengukuran cumi-cumi dilakukan menggunakan jangka sorong dan ikan diukur menggunakan penggaris. Pembedahan cumi-cumi dan ikan dilakukan menggunakan gunting bedah untuk memisahkan alat pencernaan, tentakel serta insang ikan yang akan digunakan sebagai sampel. Pelarutan dilakukan menggunakan perendaman KOH 10% selama 24 jam untuk melarutkan bahan organik. Pemisahan partikel mikroplastik dilakukan setelah seluruh bahan organik pada sampel larut seluruhnya. Pemisahan partikel mikroplastik dilakukan menggunakan perendaman ZnCl2 selama 24 jam. Penyaringan sampel dilakukan setelah sampel mempunyai 2 layer, layer pertama diambil 10 ml kemudian disaring menggunakan kertas whatman dengan vacump pump. Sampel yang telah disaring dikeringkan, dilanjutkan uji FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat mikroplastik dalam cumi – cumi dan ikan kembung yang ada di TPI Tambak Lorok Semarang, FTIR menunjukkan terdapat polimer plastik jenis nitrile dan nylon. Microplastic is one of the pollutants of the sea. Microplastics do not degrade quickly. Microplastics are plastic particles <5mm in size. Its small size allows it to be transported all over the place including the body systems of fish and squid. The research was conducted to determine the microplastics in squid (Loligo sp.) And mackerel fish (Rastrelliger sp.). The research was conducted in July 2020 - November 2020 in Semarang, Central Java. Sampling was carried out at TPI Tambak Lorok Semarang. Measurements of squid were carried out using a caliper and fish were measured using a ruler. Squid and fish surgery is performed using surgical scissors to separate the digestive organs, tentacles and fish gills that will be used as samples. Dissolving was carried out using 10% KOH immersion for 24 hours to dissolve organic matter. The separation of microplastic particles is carried out after all the organic material in the sample is completely dissolved. The separation of microplastic particles was carried out using ZnCl2 immersion for 24 hours. Filtering of the sample is carried out after the sample has 2 layers, 10 ml of the first layer is taken then filtered using Whatman paper with a vacump pump. The filtered sample was dried, followed by the FTIR test. The results showed that there were microplastics in the squid and mackerel in Tambak Lorok Semarang, FTIR showed that there were plastic polymers of nitrile and nylon types.

Bacteria associated with marine organisms have become the focus of worldwide research for their potential to generate bioactive substances, such as antibacterial compounds. This study aimed to identify the antibacterial activity of seaweed-associated bacteria in Teluk Awur Jepara, Indonesia, against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Three seaweed species, Caulerpa racemosa, Padina minor, and Halimeda opuntia, were sampled in this study. Their isolates were selected tested for antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria using the paper disc diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration methods and were molecularly identified based on the 16s RNA gene (27F-1492R). Twenty-one isolates were isolated from the 3 seaweed species: 11 from C. racemosa, 6 from P. minor, and 4 from H. opuntia. Further testing revealed potential isolates (C2a, C2c, C2d, and H2d) with antibacterial activity against P. acnes F2 ATCC 6919 and S. epidermidis FNCC-0048. Gene-based identification using 16s RNA (27F-1492R) demonstrated the occurrence of 4 bacterial species, namely Vibrionaceae bacterium PH25 (99.86 %), Vibrio alginolyticus strain GS MYPK1 (99.65 %), Salinivibrio costicola strain M318 (99.86 %), and V. alginolyticus strain 2014V-1011 (99.93 %). HIGHLIGHTS Bacteria associated with racemosa, P. minor, and H. opuntia can show strong antibacterial properties capable of mitigating the growth of P. acnes F2 ATCC 6919 and S. epidermidis FNCC-0048 Seaweed-associated bacteria and their antibacterial activity against skin disease agents. Gene-based identification using 16s RNA (27F-1492R) demonstrated the occurrence of 4 bacterial species, namely Vibrionaceae bacterium PH25 (99.86 %), Vibrio alginolyticus strain GS MYPK1 (99.65 %), Salinivibrio costicola strain M318 (99.86 %), and alginolyticus strain 2014V-1011 (99.93 %) The major bacteria species on the scalps of those suffering from dandruff, we believe these isolates may be useful for dandruff therapy GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT