It was observed that the bony bars between the three clinoid processes can be divided into four types (Types I, II, III, IV). Due to the presence of these bars three types of interclinoid foramina were formed. A total incidence of 22% of various types of interclinoid bars was observed, out of which 12% were Type I, 5.6% Type II, 4% type III and only 0.4% were of type IV variety.

The membranous layer is present in whole of the anterior abdominal wall and it divides the superficial fascia into three layers: superficial fatty layer, intermediate membranous layer, and deep fatty layer. If membranous layer is not clear in CT scan the reason could be the absence of deposition of fat in deep compartment.

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Objective: With technological evolution, use of power point presentation has been increased tremendously for classroom teachings in medical education. There is dearth of information that whether this technology is really liked by the students in anatomy or not. Therefore present study was conducted to assess which methodology of teaching anatomy was preferred by students: traditional (chalk & black-board), computer assisted or both when combined. Methods: A questionnaire based study was conducted that involved 250 1st year MBBS students. Students were asked to fill semi structured questionnaire that contained closed and open ended questions regarding teaching methodology. Results & Conclusion: 70.37% students favored combination of power point presentations along with traditional method, 25.93% preferred chalk and blackboard method and only 3.7% students opined that power point presentations should be the sole method of teaching. Therefore the study concludes that traditional method of lecture delivery in anatomy should be carefully amalgamated with power point presentations to meet the aspirations of students and to combat the limitations of chalk and board method. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i1.8039 Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.5(1) 2014 pp.47-51

Background and aim: Ossified pterygospinous ligament is a major cause of the entrapment of the lingual nerve or a branch of the mandibular nerve and may cause mandibular neuralgia. It can also constitute an obstacle for the mandibular nerve block which is a preferred method for pain relief especially for the fractures of mandible or cancer patients. Systematic study of these bars in North Indian population is lacking. Therefore this study was carried out to see the incidence of ossified pterygospinous bars in North Indian population. Materials and methods : The present study was an attempt to find out the occurrence of ossified pterygospinous ligament (Civinini's bar) in 116 dried skulls of unknown sex were taken and the presence of ossified pterygospinous bar was noted. Results : It was observed that the ossified pterygospinous bars which is present between pterygospinous process of lateral pterygoid plate and spine of sphenoid also called as Civinini's bar can be divided into five types (Types I, II, III, IV, V). This bar encloses a foramen called as Civinini's foramen. A total incidence of 18.10% of various types of pterygospinous bars was observed, out of which 1.72% were Type I, 8.62%Type II, 3.45%Type III, 0% Type IV and 4.31 % were of Type V variety. Conclusion : Total prevalence of Civinini bar is 18.10% in North Indian population.The clinicians working on this area should be aware of this variation as its prevalence is quite high.