We have previously demonstrated that dexamethasone administered to pregnant rats during specific times during gestation results in a reduction in glomerular number and hypertension in offspring at 2 and 6 months of age. In this study, we examined the effect of prenatal dexamethasone administered daily on days 15 and 16 of gestation in male and female offspring after 1 year of age on glomerular filtration rate. The prenatal dexamethasone male group had a higher systolic blood pressure than the vehicle male group. Females had lower systolic blood pressures than the males and prenatal dexamethasone did not affect blood pressure in female offspring. Prenatal dexamethasone resulted in a reduction in glomerular filtration rate in male but not in female rats. When corrected for body weight, the control male rats had a lower glomerular filtration rate than the control female rats. Males had greater protein excretion than females and prenatal dexamethasone increased the protein excretion only in male rats. Glomerulosclerosis was also greater in male rats than females but was not affected by prenatal dexamethasone. In summary, male rats appear to have evidence of a decline in glomerular filtration rate after 1 year of age and prenatal dexamethasone programs an accelerated decline in glomerular filtration rate in male but not in female offspring.

Aims:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of nickel-titanium rotary retreatment systems versus stainless steel hand retreatment system with or without solvent for gutta-percha removal during retreatment.Materials and Methods:Sixty extracted human mandibular molar teeth with single canal in a distal root was prepared with ProTaper rotary nickel-titanium files and obturated with gutta-percha and sealer. The teeth were randomly divided into six groups of 10 specimens in each groups. The volume of filling material before and after retreatment were evaluated in cm3 using the computed tomography (CT) scanner proprietary software.Results:Maximum amount of filling material removed during retreatment with ProTaper retreatment system with solvent and minimum with hand retreatment system with solvent.Conclusions:None of the technique was 100% effective in removing the filling materials, but the ProTaper retreatment system with solvent was better.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the occurrence of HELLP syndrome inpatients with severe pre eclampsia & eclampsia and to compare the maternal & perinatal outcome in patients with and without HELLP syndrome (partial and true). METHOD: This was a prospective longitudinal study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, E.S.I. PGIMSR,NewDelhi from August 2011-April 2013. 50 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy with severe pre eclampsia detected at 28 or more weeks of gestation were enrolled. Patients were divided into three groups: group 1 with severe pre eclampsia, group 2 with severe pre eclampsia with partial HELLP syndrome and group 3 with severe pre eclampsia with true HELLP syndrome. Patients in three groups were compared in regard to maternal complications, gestational age atdelivery, mode ofdelivery, hospital stay andperinatal outcome. RESULTS: Prevalence of HELLP syndrome in severe pre eclampsia was 40% (partial HELLP= 28% and true= 12%). Antenatal and maternal complications were more in true HELLP syndrome patients as compared to other groups. PPH was observed in 40% of entire study group. DIC was found more in true HELLP syndrome patient with high statistically significant p value<0.001 Blood and its product transfusion was more in true HELLP syndrome. There was 100% ICU admission in group 3. In severe pre eclampsia, 11 neonates had birth weight >2.5kg. Where as in partial and true HELLP syndrome, no neonate had birth weight more than 2.5kg.This difference was statistically significant. There was 100% NICU admission in HELLP syndrome, 91.66% in partial HELLP syndrome and 42.3% in severe preeclampsia. The perinatal morbidity and mortality was higher in HELLP syndrome patients than in patient with severe pre eclampsia without HELLP syndrome. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that both maternal and perinatal outcome were adverse in HELLP syndrome than in severe pre eclampsia without HELLP syndrome. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v1i4.9564 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2013) Vol.1 No.04: 7-12

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