No abstract

Salmonella food poisoning is a public health problem. Feed withdrawal from broiler chickens before slaughter can favor the multiplication of Salmonella in the cecum and crop of contaminated animals and subsequently lead to contamination of carcasses in the processing plant. In the present study, a cocktail of lytic bacteriophages isolated from sewage water was orally administered to 45-d-old broiler chickens 1 h after they received an oral dose of 10(7) cfu/mL Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Enteritidis. Immediately after phage administration and 30 min, 1, 3, 6, and 12 h thereafter, groups of chicken were killed. Ceca and crops were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella. At 3 h posttreatment, there were 10(3) cfu/g and 10(1) cfu/g of cecal and crop suspension, respectively. At 6 h after treatment, the number of Salmonella was 10(3) cfu/g in the cecal suspension, but below the detection limit in the crops. Our results suggest that bacteriophage therapy may be able to reduce the contamination of chicken carcasses by reducing the preslaughter load of Salmonella in the birds.

This study investigates the effects of different doses of serotonin, its precursor 5-hydroxytry-ptophan (5HTP), and m-hydroxybenzylhydrazine inhibitor (NSD1015), administered via intraperitoneal for 5 consecutive days, on behavior and average body weight of broilers. We also measured the humoral immune response and quantification of Salmonella Enteritidis in broilers chickens that received the drugs evaluated and a Lactobacillus pool. The study was divided into 3 experiments: Experiment 1--administration of pharmaceuticals with choice of dosage; Experiment 2--administration of pharmaceuticals and a Lactobacillus pool in birds that were not challenged with S. Enteritidis, and Experiment 3--administration of pharmaceuticals and a Lactobacillus pool in birds challenged with S. Enteritidis. The ELISA was used to scan dosages of intestinal IgA and serum IgY. We used colony-forming units to quantify S. Enteritidis. The concentrations of IgA and IgY did not show significant differences (P>0.05) in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, NSD1015 associated with Lactobacillus determined higher IgA concentrations, promoting greater stimulus to the immune system than 5HTP. Regarding quantification of S. Enteritidis in the cecal content of birds, 5HTP associated to Lactobacillus determined the smallest number of bacteria, showing possible interaction of 5-hydroxytryptophan and Lactobacillus spp. with the immune system of broiler chickens.

Pesq. Vet. Bras. 32(7):623-626, julho 2012 623 RESUMO.-O presente trabalho teve por objetivo investigar a soropositividade para brucelose em suínos em abatedouros. Foram coletados 910 soros de suínos, procedentes de 30 propriedades, abatidos em frigoríϐicos da região central do estado de São Paulo, e submetidos às provas de soroaglutinaçao com antígeno tamponado acidiϐicado (AAT) e 2-Mercaptoetanol (2-Me) objetivando determinar a ocorrência da enfermidade nesta espécie. Do total de soros avaliados foram observados 25 (2,7%) animais reagentes ao AAT pertencentes a 10 propriedades, caracterizando 36% de propriedades positivas. Dos animais positivos ao AAT, 16% apresentaram titulo de 25 (incompleto) e 52% titulo de 25 na soroaglutinação lenta (SAL), 8% apresentaram titulo de 50 incompleto na SAL e 25 incompleto no 2-ME e 8% apresentaram titulo de 50 na SAL e 25 no 2-ME. Estes resultados demonstram o elevado percentual de propriedades positivas para brucelose nesta região e ressaltam a necessidade de implementação The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the seropositivity for brucellosis in pig slaughterhouses. Sera of 910 pigs from 30 farms and slaughtered at slaughterhouses, located in the central region of the state of São Paulo, were tested with Buffered Plate Acidiϐied Antigen (BPAA) and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-Me) as conϐirmatory test to determine the serological positivity in this species. The results demonstrated that 25 (2.7%) of the pigs from 10 farms reacted to BPAA, corresponding to 36% of positive properties. From BPAA positive animals 16% and 52% presented titers of 25 incomplete and 25 respectively in the Tube agglutination test (TAT), 8% presented 50 and 25 incomplete, respectively, in TAT and 2-ME, and 8% resulted 50 and 25 positive in TAT and 2-ME, respectively. These results demonstrate the high percentage of positive farms for swine brucellosis in this region and reinforce the need for ofϐicial and effective program implementation for the swine brucellosis control. INTRODUÇÃOCausada por microrganismos do gênero Brucella é uma antropozoonose que afeta bovinos, suínos, caprinos, ovinos, cães e a mais recente descoberta, das espécies marinhas que afetam focas, golϐinhos, baleias e leões marinhos (Godfroid 2002).São reconhecidas atualmente 10 espécies de Brucella, sendo seis as espécies clássicas (B. abortus, B. suis, B. melitensis, B. canis, B. ovis, B. neotomae e, recentemente, foram descobertas as quatro novas espécies, Brucella pinnipedialis e Brucella ceti, isoladas de animais marinhos (Foster et al. 2007), Brucella microti, isolada de roedores, solo e raposas (Scholz et al. 2008a,b,c) e por último Brucella inopinata, isolada de prótese mamária em humanos (Scholz et al. 2010).A enfermidade está associada à infertilidade e ao aumento da taxa de mortalidade de leitões desmamados por ninhada, podendo alcançar índices de até 80%. Essa mortalidade é insigniϐicante em animais adultos, no entanto por-

This study investigated the immune response of broiler chickens with oral treatment of a Lactobacillus spp. pool (PL) associated with microencapsulated recombinant proteins flagellin (FliC) and the subunit B of cholera toxin (CTB). Immune responses were evaluated by measuring IgA from intestinal fluid, serum IgY, and immunostaining of CD8(+) T lymphocytes present in the cecum. The evaluations were performed on d 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 posttreatment. A significant increase (P < 0.05) was observed in IgA levels in all immunized groups, especially 3 wk after immunization. Treatments 2 (recombinant CTB) and 3 (recombinant FliC+CTB) showed the highest concentrations. Similarly, serum concentrations IgY (μg/mL) increased along the experiment, and the means for treatments 2 and 3 showed significant differences (P < 0.05) compared with controls, reaching concentrations of 533 and 540 μg/mL, respectively. The number of CD8(+) T lymphocytes in all treatments greatly differed (P < 0.05) compared with the negative control at 21 d posttreatment. However, only treatment 2 (recombinant CTB), 4 (PL), and 5 (recombinant FliC+ recombinant CTB + PL) remained significantly (P < 0.05) different from the control at 28 d posttreatment. Thus, it is concluded that the microencapsulated recombinant proteins administered orally to broiler chickens are capable of stimulating humoral and cellular immune response, and the combinations of these antigens with Lactobacillus spp. can influence the population of CD8(+) T cells residing in the cecum.