These results concur with earlier animal studies that indicate that Cogent db is safe, reliable, tolerable, and efficacious in the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Numerous terminologies have been linked to acne and related lesions which often puzzles students and practitioners. Here we have tried to summarize some of the common acne related terms found in related literatures.Nepal Journal of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, Vol.14(1) 2016, pp.59-63

Chest keloids often result in cosmetic disfigurement, contractures, pruritus and pain. Inflammatory truncal acne often triggers chest keloid. Management is often challenging as they are relatively resistant to treatment and recurrence rates are high. The objective of the study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg mL−1) vs. liquid nitrogen cryotherapy vs. 595 nm pulsed dye laser in the management of chest keloids. We conducted a comparative prospective study in a total of 42 patients with chest keloids from July 2021 to July 2022. These patients were randomly divided into three treatment groups via the envelope method. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) was used to assess the clinical efficacy of the treatment modality. Patients were scored at the initiation of therapy and every 4 weeks until 16 weeks. Seven patients were lost to follow-up (response rate 83%). Treatment arms consisted of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (n = 10), liquid nitrogen cryotherapy (n = 11) and pulsed dye laser (n = 14). There was a near-equal sex distribution of chest keloids (male-to-female ratio 1.21 : 1), with 15 patients (35.7%) having additional keloids in other body parts. The mean (SD) age of patients with chest keloids was 27.2 (13.6) years with a common incidence in those aged 20–30 years. Comparison of mean VSS as baseline and at 16 weeks revealed a statistically significant decrease in the score in all three treatment arms (P < 0.05). Comparison between the three different treatment arms revealed pulsed dye laser to be the most effective modality in decreasing VSS at the 16-week follow-up (Anova followed by post hoc analysis with Tukey’s test). With regard to the adverse clinical event profile, acneiform eruptions were reported following steroid injections, blistering and depigmentation were reported following liquid nitrogen cryotherapy, and blistering was reported following pulsed dye laser therapy. Thus, the pulsed dye laser (595 nm) appears to be a safe and efficacious treatment modality in the management of chest keloids.

The disease entity described under the heading of Amlapitta, a constellation of symptoms such as heart burn, abdominal pain, sour belching, reflexes of food taken, nausea, and loss of appetite, has become a very common cause of hospital visits worldwide. In the present clinical study, the efficacy of Amlapittantak Lauha was studies on 60 healthy individuals between the age group of 20-50 years. The cardinal symptoms viz., Hrit-kantha Daha, Tikta-amlodgar, Shirashula, Chhardi / Utklesh and Aruchi, were observed in both the groups. Amlapittantak Lauha shows 66.64% relief in Hritkantha Daha, 60.98% in Shirashula, 58% relief in Aruchi, 68.75% and 60% relief in Utklesh and Tikta-amlodgar respectively. The drug under trial "Amlapittantak Lauha" was effective in hyperacidity condition this beneficial effect of trial drug may be due to Madhura Rasa and Vipaka of Abhrak Bhasma, Pitta Shamaka property of Mandur and Ayaskant Bhasma of this preparation.