pregnancy, abortion, child bearing and contraception. High levels of gynaecological morbidity, especially reproductive tract infections and sexually transmitted infections may turn out to be fatal if not treated properly. 3 Aims and objectivesTo find out the prevalence of reproductive tract infections amongst married women in the rural areas of Surendranagar district and to co-relate the disease with certain socio demographic variables, to find out the basic ABSTRACT Background: In the recent years, the issue of gynaecological problems of poor women in the developing countries has been receiving increasing attention. High levels of gynaecological morbidity, especially reproductive tract infections and sexually transmitted infections may turn out to be fatal if not treated properly. Objectives of current study were to find out the prevalence of reproductive tract infections amongst married women, to co-relate the disease with certain socio demographic variables and to assess the awareness about reproductive tract infections in the study population. Methods: Sample size -Various community based studies carried out in the different regions world showed the prevalence of reproductive tract infections 36-84%. The sample size of study as per statistical calculation (4pq/l 2 , where p =50, q=100-p and l= 10% of p) came out to be 400. Method of Sampling -Prior enlisting all villages of Surendranagar district, one village was selected randomly. After random selection the village found was Khodu. Results: 56.5% of women reported either one or more symptoms of reproductive tract infections; vaginal discharge (29.7%) was the commonest symptom. Basic awareness about disease was 64.0%; Maximum prevalence of reproductive tract infections (62.90%) was found in the age group of 25-34 years. Conclusions: There is a significant association between socio-economic class, educational status and women having symptoms of reproductive tract infections.

Background: In the recent years, the issue of gynaecological problems of poor women in the developing countries has been receiving increasing attention. High levels of gynaecological morbidity, especially reproductive tract infections and sexually transmitted infections may turn out to be fatal if not treated properly. The objective of this study was to assess the health seeking attitude of women regarding reproductive tract infections, to elicit the past history pertaining to it, to assess the personal hygiene measures relevant to it. Methods: Various community based studies carried out in the different regions world showed the prevalence of reproductive tract infections 36-84%. The sample size of study as per statistical calculation (4pq/l2, where p =50, q=100-p and l= 10% of p) came out to be 400. Prior enlisting all villages of Surendranagar district, one village was selected randomly. After random selection the village found was Khodu. Results: 75.3% of women narrated treatment was necessary; 44% told that preferably to be taken from doctor and 24.7% told treatment should not be taken because of social and personal reason. 56.5% of women having one or the other kind of symptom of reproductive tract infections. Women with poor menstrual and personal hygiene has got 2.5 times chances of reproductive tract infections (OR= 2.35, CI= 1.374-4.01, P value: 0.001). Thus the overall prevalence in our study is 56.5%. On statistical analysis it was found that women who used clothes were two times more symptomatic as compared to women who used sanitary pads, a significant association between women having symptoms of reproductive tract infections and their sexual history. The present study showed 61.94% of women had taken treatment which shows that the health seeking behavior had improved. Conclusions: Women who used sanitary pads during menstrual periods had lower prevalence. Women with complaints of dyspareunia, bleeding during and or after intercourse and history of forceful intercourse had maximum prevalence of reproductive tract infections. 19.8% of women gave past history of reproductive tract infections and out of that 15.16% of women had taken treatment for it. Regarding health seeking attitude of symptomatic women, 61.94% of women had taken treatment and majority of them had taken treatment from doctors. This implies that health intervention measures directed towards reducing morbidity from reproductive tract infections need not focus mainly on treatment of reproductive tract infections but rather on disease preventing strategies. [Int J Res Med Sci 2013; 1(4.000): 552-556

Background:The objective was to find out and compare accuracy of USG findings with that of per-operative

Diabetes is a worldwide problem. The number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) has been conservatively estimated to approximately double by 2030 to a worldwide prevalence of 4.4% at which time 366 million people will have diabetes (Wild et al. 2004). A majority of diabetic patients develop foot ulcers in one point of time or other during the course of their illness. A significant number of such patients will require long-term

The aim of our study was to see the effect of single dose regime versus multi dose regime of antibiotic in laparoscopic surgery; in terms of type of laparoscopic surgery done, type and dose of intravenous antibiotic given and the occurrence of post operative complications like wound gape, stitch abscess, local pain and discharge from the wound in both the groups. The present study was prospective, observational and longitudinal. Protocol of the procedure was formed along with Performa, Patient Information Sheet and Informed Consent Form. The present study was carried out in surgery department of C.U Shah medical college, Surendranagar; Gujarat state. The study was carried out from 1st October 2010 till 31st August 2012. A total of one hundred and twenty patients undergoing emergency and elective laparoscopic surgery were included in our study. Case records of patients was recorded in the Performa containing demographic details, chief complaints, provisional diagnosis, details of operative procedures and drug details during the hospital stay. Follow up of the patients was done after one and three weeks and any change of regime of antibiotics was noted in respect to the symptoms or clinical findings like pain, fever, discharge, stitch abscess, wound gape. Out of 120 patients enrolled mean age was 38.88±14.19. Out of 120 patients in the study; 63 (52.5%) were Male and 57 (47.5%) were Female. Intravenous antibiotics were used in single dose or multiple dose in the patients undergoing laparoscopic procedures. Single dose of antibiotic was given to 65 patients and multiple dosage of antibiotics was given to 48 patients while 7 patients were converted from single to multiple dosage regime of antibiotics. Choice of a dosage of an appropriate antibiotic is of utmost importance in the treatment of the patients and the post operative outcomes. The adverse effects of the used antibiotics must also be kept into consideration while choosing the antibiotics and its dosage. Thus based on our study we conclude that single and multiple dosages of antibiotic regimes can be used for laparoscopic surgeries. However, single dose of antibiotics are more patient compliant, cost effective, less adverse effects and prevents emergence of antibiotic resistance. [Int J Res Med Sci 2013; 1(3.000): 252-256