This work presents a survey on mycotoxins (seasons 2013 and 2014) and Fusarium species (seasons from 1985 to 2014) in maize ear rot in Poland. Twelve mycotoxins were identified in maize kernel samples exhibiting symptoms of Fusarium ear rot or rotten kernels at the harvest in two locations in Poland during the seasons 2013 and 2014. This is the first complex survey on the co-occurrence of four Fusarium mycotoxin groups in maize kernels: the group of the mycohormone zearalenone; the group of trichothecenes -deoxynivalenol and nivalenol; the group of fumonisins; and the group of cyclic hexadepsipeptides -beauvericin and enniatins; and in addition, moniliformin. Four Fusarium species were identified in preharvest maize ear rot in the 2013 and 2014 harvests namely:

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Two Fusarium species were identified in mouldy maize ears with the highest frequency during 2005-2014 in 7 seasons: F. subglutinans (3.1-42.0%) and F. verticillioides (44.1-70.3%). Two other species were also found but with lower frequency: F. graminearum (1.0-13.0%) and F. poae