A clinical study of diabetic retinopathy was conducted from March- May 2002 to diagnose a patient’sdiabetic retinopathy level and identify eyes of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy so thatthese patients could get appropriate and timely laser photocoagulation surgery and other surgical modalitiesto reduce the risk of visual loss. This study shows that out of 248 diabetic patients examined, 45.9% patientshad retinal changes. The potential candidates for panretinal and focal laser treatment were the patientswith very severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (3.5%), early proliferative diabeticretinopathy (PDR) or high-risk PDR (3.5%), and maculopathy (8.8%).Key Words: Diabetic retinopathy, Laser photocoagulation surgery and vitrectomy Surgery.

Silicone tube shunt operations to drain the aqueous from the anterior chamber to thesuprachoroidal space were performed in 12 different types of refractory glaucomas inwhich the intraocular pressure ranged from 25 mmHg to 80 mmHg (mean 45.75 mmHg)even after maximally tolerated medical treatment or after conventional glaucomasurgery. The post-silicone tube shunt intraocular pressure ranged from 7 mmHg to 34mmHg (mean 15. 83 mmHg) after a follow-up period ranging 2 months in some casesto 24 months in others. The intraocular pressure was controlled in all casespostoperatively either with the operation alone or with medical treatment or afterrepeat operation. The complications were very few except in one case in which therewas hyphema as well as vitreous hemorrhage prior to operation because of trauma forwhich pars plana vitrectomy followed by second silicone tube shunt operation wereperformed and at the end enucleation had to be done.Key Words: Artificial Drainage, Shunt Operation, Recalcitrant Glaucomas.

Retroperitoneal hamartoma in adult is an extremely rare entity. Here we report a case of 23-years-old lady who presented with alarge retroperitoneal mass and abdominal pain. The mass was surgically removed and the diagnosis of hamartoma was made on histological findings. Keywords: hamartoma malformative tumor, retroperitoneal.