:The present study is based on the primary data collected from 160 lac growers in Bastar district of Chhattisgarh during the year 2012-2013. The study revealed that practices like inoculation method of seed lac in host plants (38.75%) was recorded high level of knowledge, whereas respondents had medium level of knowledge about lac producing trees (81.87%) and low level of knowledge on lac strain (97.50%). In case of practice wise level of adoption, it was found that maximum number of respondents had high extent of adoption in selection of host plants (11.25%), followed by pruning of host plants(91.25%) under medium level of extent of adoption and it was found that cent per cent had low level of adoption regarding adoption of recommended strain. The knowledge and adoption level of lac growers can be increased through conducting training programmes on different aspects of lac production technology like processing, processing instruments, usages of lac in making by products by the concerned agencies and providing the facilities and proper guidance to the lac growers for adoption of recommended lac production technology which will be helpful in providing additional income to the lac growers. Results of the study will be helpful to improve the production scenario of lac which will helpful for farmers to get additional income.

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In India, collective farming by Women's Groups (WGs) was introduced as a strategy to improve needy women's livelihood alternatives. The study was performed in Raipur district of Chhattisgarh. Three villages were chosen from two selected blocks viz.,Arang and Dharsiwa, and five women groups were selected from each village. Most of the women members of women's groups were in the middle age category. More than one-third of the women members had education up to middle school level. About fifty percent of the women members had medium family size and almost ninety-six percent of the respondents were married. Nearly 70 percent of the women member of women's groups had marginal (<2.5 acres) landholdings. Sixty percent of the respondents had medium level of annual family income. Nearly sixty-eight percent of women members did not receive any training. Majority of the members of women's groups had medium level of participation in extension and mass media activities.

The future food production has to come from more difficult areas which are economically and ecologically at a disadvantage. Agricultural development programme however well planned and imaginative, cannot make an impact on rural life unless it is backed both by extension and research support. The Transfer of Technology model normally puts the researcher in the role of generating all new technologies and the farmer staying in the re ceiving end. A local leader who has adopted improved practices extends the same to others. The common man has much faith in the local leaders. The term "leader" implied a person who was clearly distinguished from other individuals in power, status, visibility and such traits of character as intelligence, integrity, courage, wisdom and judgement. In some societies the political leadership controls the economy; significant influence is exercised by them in the direction and rate in which changes take place in society. The 73 rd Amendment provides for an elaborate system of establishing panchayats as units of self-government. A study was conducted in the purposively selected Rajnandgaon district of Chhattisgarh to ascertain the variation in performance of panchayat leaders caused by independent variables..In all (9 + 54 + 200) 263 panchayat leaders were considered as respondents for the study. An interview schedule was used as a tool for collecting primary data from the respondent panchayat leaders and all the 263 respondents were personally interviewed for collecting the raw information. The variables, caste, social participation, occupation, achievement motivation, information sources, time allocation for panchayat activities and political efficacy had positively significant contribution towards role performance at 0.05 level of probability. Whereas the remaining five variables viz., education, annual income, cosmopoliteness, extension participation and attitude towards panchayati raj institutions had positive and significant contribution towards role performance of gram panchayat leaders at 0.01 level of probability. The variables social participation, annual income, information sources and extension participation had positive and significant contribution towards the role performance of janpad and jila panchayat leaders at 0.05 level of probability and the variables education, achievement motivation and cosmopoliteness had positive and significant contribution on role performance of janpad and jila panchayat leaders at 0.01 of probability.