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Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a novice technique which has drawn the attention of several industries and academics. Security parameters in VANET are now receiving popularity in the research community. A defensive mechanism provides a solution to control the attacks across the VANET security. However, a single defence mechanism is unable to provide solution to the attack models as more sophisticated method is required for VANETs. This paper proposed a method termed heuristic approach for ant colony optimization (HAAC) for improved security in addition to better transportation, reliability and management. The heuristic based ant colony optimization is used to reduce the problem in finding known and unknown opponents in providing security to VANET. The characteristic of real ant colonies is used in VANET security in order to solve attack problems with shortest path. The Reinforcing VANET security using vehicle mode analysis is evaluated in an efficient manner using NS2 simulator. The excellent outcomes are obtained by an HAAC approach combined with a dynamic heuristic.

Pandemic outbreaks are always a challenge for the health care management to control the mortality rate when the preventive measures are not established. The challenge is being faced worldwide with the outbreak of COVID-19 including the developed countries. The only solution is to control the spread by conducting massive screening and isolating affected ones from the healthy ones, which needs the development of screening methods that can reach the maximum population. The next step is to come up with vaccines. The research concentration worldwide is focussed on developing rapid diagnostics and screening at an affordable cost. Multiple studies suggest that Reverse Transcription- Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), protein testing and Computed Tomography (CT) should be the principal diagnostic methods for routine testing/ screening in patients with COVID-19. But three factors are still indistinct in those diagnostic methods such as rapidity, sensitivity, and specificity. Thus, alternative approaches that provide higher efficiency and rapid are highly appreciated for the super spread infectious disease detection. Presently, microfluidics-based test kits alternatively called as lab-on-a-chip or Point- Of -Care Testing (POCT) have been widely used in cancer and viral detection. The ability of POCT tests to provide short time results, suitable in low resource clinics or even at home should be an attractive alternative. So, the miniaturized tools suitable for COVID-19 detection will replace the current expensive methods. Despite the limitations, the approved tests are still providing good results for this high risk pandemic. Many articles in the recent past highlighted the POCT method is not less than any other screening methods and by reviewing a wide research background, the importance of developing POCTs for screening such pandemic is presented here.