Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the most common surgeries performed nowadays. It remains an enigma regarding efficacy, safety and postoperative complications for using suture ligation for ligating cystic duct in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of the present study was to study the efficacy of ligating the cystic duct with sutures in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: This prospective study was performed between June 2018 and April 2019 in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, in a rural center, Kanchipuram, India. All the patients included consented for the study. Patients who underwent subtotal cholecystectomy were excluded from the study.Results: The study included 70 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a single unit. All cases were operated by a single surgeon. Of the 70 patients, the Cystic duct (CD) was simply ligated in 55 patients with CD <5 mm in diameter. The CD in 15 of those patients had to be divided and sutured in continuity for wide CD (>5 mm). The mean time for ligation of cystic duct was 5 min. Similarly, the mean time for ligation of cystic artery was 1.50 min. The mean operative time was 50 mins. There were no postoperative complications, such as bile leakage.Conclusions: SL of the CD is a very safe and secure alternative to the application of metal clips. It can be used in dilated CD, readily available and very cost effective and the complications of clips are avoided. The only disadvantage is that it needs expertise to perform and subsequently increasing the operating time. This technique is recommended in all laparoscopic cholecystectomies, especially in difficult cases.

Background: Nodular goitre is a common endocrine problem in the world today. Solitary thyroid nodule is defined as the presence of a palpable nodule in the otherwise normal thyroid gland. Solitary nodules are one of the most frequent presentations of thyroid disorder. The aim of this study was to study the incidence and other clinical parameters of solitary thyroid nodules and to correlate between clinical diagnosis and histopathological examination of solitary nodule thyroid.Methods: A prospective study was done in patients with solitary thyroid swelling, after taking a detailed history, were examined clinically and confirmed with FNAC and underwent thyroid surgery were included in this study. The histopathological reports were evaluated and correlated with clinical diagnosis by standard statistical methods.Results: Majority of the patients were between 21-30 years of age. Female:male ratio was about 11.5:1. Swelling in front of the neck was the most common presentation. Most common solitary thyroid swelling was the colloid goitre. Commonest surgery performed was hemithyroidectomy.Conclusions: The majority of the solitary nodule of the thyroid was found to be benign, and this illustrates that hemithyroidectomy is the preferred surgery unless malignancy is suspected by fine needle aspiration cytology.

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Background: Solitary thyroid nodule is defined as discrete mass palpable in an otherwise apparently normal thyroid gland.  Solitary nodule is the common presentation of thyroid disorders. Objective: This study aimed to look into the prevalence of malignancy in clinico-radiologically detected solitary thyroid nodule and to correlate the findings in pre-operative fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) and post-operative histopathological examination(HPE). Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in our Institute for a period of 6 months using the data obtained between 2018-2020 of patients who were clinically and radiologically diagnosed as solitary thyroid nodule in the Department of General Surgery. Results: Out of 30 cases of clinically detected solitary thyroid nodule 7(23.3%)cases was found to be malignant. The mean age of presentation was 41.2 years with male female ratio of 1:9. 25(83.3%)cases was reported as benign nodules according to pre-operative FNAC out of these 2(6.6%)cases turned out to be malignant on post-operative histopathological examination. Conclusion: It is concluded that from the present study the prevalence of malignancy in clinically detected solitary thyroid nodule is 23.3%. FNAC being sensitive, cost effective and reliable tool in the preoperative assessment of solitary thyroid nodules and HPE in post operative evaluation of clinical specimen both playing a vital role in management of solitary thyroid nodule thus helping in early diagnosis and proper surgical intervention.