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Research ArticleAlpha Alpha Alpha---glucosidase inhibitory effect glucosidase inhibitory effect glucosidase inhibitory effect and enzyme kinetics of coastal meand enzyme kinetics of coastal meand enzyme kinetics of coastal medicinal plants dicinal plants dicinal plants BJP IntroductionAbout 2.5-7% of the world's populations diagnosed with leading endocrine disease diabetes mellitus which causes morbidity and mortality (Seghrouchni et al., 2002). By the act of pancreatic -amylase, starch has hydrolyzed and absorbed as glucose in the small intestine by -glucosidases, leads to hyperglycemic condition. Moreover, the use of several approaches, -glucosidase inhibitors is one of the alternative therapeutic approaches. Dietary carbohydrates such as maltose and sucrose absorbed by different types ofglucosidases viz. maltase, sucrase, glucoamylase and isomaltase present in the intestine. Thus, inhibition of these enzymes can definitely decrease the postprandial hyperglycemia and could be a key tactic in the managements of diabetes mellitus (Hirsh et al., 1997).The -glucosidase inhibitors have isolated from natural sources, such as plants, foodstuffs and microbes (Kumar et al., 2011).Coastal medicinal plants also engage in recreation to treat diabetes, particularly where most people have limited resources and do not have access to modern treatment (Ramanathan, 2000). The main interest of studies in to medicinal plants with hypoglycemic effect is to understand the metabolic activities of human intestinal tract. Citrullus colocynthis used for constipation, edema, bacterial infections, cancer and diabetes.The aerial part of C. colocynthis showed antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and local anesthetic effect reported by Gurudeeban et al., (2010). Suaeda monoica, S. maritime and S. nudiflora are traditional medicines for wound healing and hepatitis. The aerial part of this family plant has triterpenoids, sterols which have antiviral activity (Bandaranayake, 2002 AbstractNumerous metabolic disorders and diseases associated with the glucosidase enzyme activity. Therefore, in the present study we evaluated alpha glucosidase inhibitory effect of coastal medicinal plants on Saccharomyces cerevisiae -glucosidase to control postprandial hyperglycemia. The n-hexane extracts of study plants screened for -glucosidase inhibitory activity using yeast glucosidase. The enzyme kinetics studied Line weaver burk plot method. Among the ten plants Citrullus colocynthis, Aegle marmelos and Ipomoea pes-caprae exhibited potent -glucosidase inhibitory activity, 85.9 ± 0.1, 72.2 ± 0.3 and 67.9 ± 0.1 respectively. From the enzyme kinetics assay potent plants contain uncompetitive inhibitors of alpha glucosidase. C. colocynthis, A. marmelos and Ipomoea pes-caprae have potential alphaglucosidase inhibitors that can exploited for its used to treat diabetes. Article Info

BackgroundAn increasingly common application is the use of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial coatings, wound dressings, and biomedical devices. In this present investigation, we report, biomedical potential of silver nanopaticles synthesized from calli extract of Citrullus colocynthis on Human epidermoid larynx carcinoma (HEp -2) cell line.MethodsThe callus extract react with silver nitrate solution confirmed silver nanoparticles synthesis through the steady change of greenish colour to reddish brown and characterized by using FT-IR, AFM. Toxicity on HEp 2 cell line assessed using MTT assay, caspase -3 assay, Lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay and DNA fragmentation assay.ResultsThe synthesized silver nanoparticles were generally found to be spherical in shape with size 31 nm by AFM. The molar concentration of the silver nanoparticles solution in our present study is 1100 nM/10 mL. The results exhibit that silver nanoparticles mediate a dose-dependent toxicity for the cell tested, and the silver nanoparticles at 500 nM decreased the viability of HEp 2 cells to 50% of the initial level. LDH activities found to be significantly elevated after 48 h of exposure in the medium containing silver nanoparticles when compared to the control and Caspase 3 activation suggested that silver nanoparticles caused cell death through apoptosis, which was further supported by cellular DNA fragmentation, showed that the silver nanoparticles treated HEp2 cells exhibited extensive double strand breaks, thereby yielding a ladder appearance (Lane 2), while the DNA of control HEp2 cells supplemented with 10% serum exhibited minimum breakage (Lane 1). This study revealed completely would eliminate the use of expensive drug for cancer treatment.

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