The aim: Of the paper is to analyze the current views on diagnosis and management of diphtheria in children. Materials and methods: The data of scientific literature have been analyzed, using the bibliosemantic method of study. Conclusions: The specific prophylaxis is recommended to prevent the infection. It has cross-protection against different strains.

West Nile Fever (WNF) is the most common arbovirus infection caused by West Nile Virus (WNV), which has been responsible for numerous epidemic outbreaks of disease among humans, birds and horses on all continents, with the exception of Antarctica, over the past two decades. On the territory of Ukraine, the earliest reports of cases of WNV circulation in humans and birds relate to the 70s of the XX century. In Poltava region WNF was first registered in 2011. Though the epidemiological and clinical patterns of WNF in Ukraine and Poltava region remain understudied, primarily due to the lack of alertness of practitioners to the problem of WNF and to broader access to laboratory diagnosis of the disease. The first clinical case of West Nile Viral encephalitis, registered on the territory of Poltava region, has been given and analyzed.

Introduction: Recently, there has been a tendency to increase the incidence of pertussis in many countries of the world and this disease in these countries is among 10 most serious causes of death in young children. The aim of the work − is to analyze specialized scientific literature for generalization of data and present a modern look at questions of etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and immunoprophylaxis of pertussis. Materials and methods: Available scientific sources over the past years, devoted to the problem of pertussis are studied by the methods of overview, system and content analysis. Review and conclusions: The main questions of pertussis are outlined. Timely diagnosis, treatment and immunoprophylaxis allow adjusting the actions of doctors to solve the issues of the decrease of the incidence of pertussis. This is greatly helped by modern guidelines for the management of patients with this pathology.

Coronavirus disease has become an extremely relevant problem due to its pandemic over the world. SARS was called atypical pneumonia because of the similarity in clinical symptoms to already known atypical pneumonias. The new respiratory disease is called coronavirus disease 2019 ‒ COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019). It is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The main risk group is presented mainly by older population, but experts have begun to note that there is a tendency toward growing number of cases among children. The aim of this study is to analyze the data of the latest relevant literature on SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection in children. The methodology of this study included the systemic and content analysis of available scientific sources devoted to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection in children. An analysis of the literature has shown the average age of sick children is 10.1 years and 6.9 % of them have positive results of antibody test. Half of the children report no symptoms, but those who complain most often have fever (21 %), gastrointestinal symptoms including diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain (13 %), and headache (12 %). The literature contains data on 8 children with COVID-19 with symptoms of atypical appendicitis with a rapid worsening of the condition requiring hospitalization. A clinical example of our own practice has been presented, and it is somewhat different from the commonly described cases characterized by enterocolitis as a component of the course of coronavirus disease in children. Conclusions. Given the current difficult situation in Ukraine, doctors when examining the young patients with gastrointestinal syndrome should test them for COVID-19 in order to make correct diagnosis and then to choose the right management based on the diagnosis that may require isolation measures to prevent spreading the infection and following the COVID-19 clinical protocol. Healthcare workers should raise awareness among the public about coronavirus vaccination to combat the pandemic.

У світі проживає понад 2 млн ВІЛ інфікованих дітей. В Ук раїні 99% малюків інфіковані ВІЛ перинатальним шляхом. Лікарі констатували швидкий прогрес поширення СНІДу та смерті до 4 років (15-20%). У разі повільного прогресу (75-80%) середня виживаність складає 8-9,5 року. Спос терігається швидка еволюція вірусу у порівнянні з дорос лими-тривалий час без прогресування (5%). У підлітків захворювання відзначається легким та середньотяжким перебігом. Схеми антиретровірусної терапії з інгібіторами протеази мають значну ефективність.