The aim of our work is to study gas exchange and antioxidant system in nine wild solanaceous species Solanum indicum, Solanum macrocarpon, Solanum acculeatissimum, Solanum sysimbrifolium, Solanum nigrum, Solanum viarum, Solanum insimum Solanum torvum, and Solanum macranthum under water logging condition. Experiments were laid in factorial completely randomized design with three replications. Photosynthesis and stomatal conductance decreased and closure of stomata was quick during flooding conditions in all the Solanum species. Species Solanum torvum performed photosynthetically better under flooding and also had better stomatal conductance. The antioxidants like SOD, catalase and peroxidase activity was significantly increased during the period of waterlogging and lipid peroxidation (MDA) content was decreased in tolerant Solanum species. An increase in the some parameters associated with oxidative stress, namely peroxides production, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage, reveals that root oxygen deficiency caused photooxidative damage in all rootstocks of solanaceous species. The ability to maintain a balance between the formation and detoxification of activated oxygen species appeared likely to increase the survival potential and the tolerance of the plants against varying oxidative stress. On basis of our observation, we conclude that species with higher photosynthetic rate and antioxidant system had improved waterlogging stress tolerance.

Background: Wounds are inescapable events of life which are due to physical, chemical and microbial infections. Medicinal plants came into prominence having good wound healing activity with low adverse drug reactions than the synthetic drugs. Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the wound healing activity of Euphorbia antiquorum ethanol stem extract formulation on the wistar rats by using excision wound model. Materials and Methods: Animals were divided into four groups containing six animals each. Excision wound was made on the back of rats near the neck region about 2mm diameter. The Euphorbia antiquorum ethanol extracts were formulated into ointment by using hydrophilic base containing 2.5 and 5 percentage strength. The formulations were applied on the th wounds twice a day and wound healing was observed on the 5, 10, 15, 20 days. Wound contraction period, percentage of inhibition and bio chemical parameters were observed. Results: The wound contraction for the Euphorbia antiquorum 2.5% ointment was 45.76% ±3.07 to 98.05% ±0.24 and 5 % ointment was 72.45% ±3.43 to 99.13% ± 0.25. Significant wound contraction was observed in 5% strength containing formulation when compared with control and standard. Conclusion: Thus from the present study Euphorbia antiquorum ethanol formulation (5% ointment) showed significant wound healing activity compared with standard and control groups.