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In a family of catena-μ-N,N′-disubstituted dithiooxamidocopper(II) complexes which have been assumed as two-dimensional coordination polymers, one complex with HOC2H4- substituents is an electronic conductor as well as others, and also a protonic conductor uniquely. The latter property was proved both by spectroscopic detection of the hydrogen molecules evolved from d.c. electrolysis of pressed pellets of the powder specimen and by observation of the anomalous increase (three orders of magnitude) of the electric conductivity as an effect of 103 Pa of H2O or D2O vapor on the dehydrated specimen in an evacuated conductivity cell. A novel conduction mechanism was suggested for such a solid system with both conjugated double bonds and extended hydrogen bonds.

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Detailed three-dimensional images of P and S wave velocity and Poisson’s ratio (σ) of the crust and upper mantle beneath Kyushu in SW Japan are determined, with a focus on the source area of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake (M 7.3) that occurred in the Beppu-Shimabara graben (BSG) where four active volcanoes and many active faults exist. The 2016 Kumamoto earthquake took place in a high-velocity and low-σ zone in the upper crust, which is surrounded and underlain by low-velocity and high-σ anomalies in the upper mantle. This result suggests that, in and around the source zone of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, strong structural heterogeneities relating to active volcanoes and magmatic fluids exist, which may affect the seismogenesis. Along the BSG, low-velocity and high-σ anomalies do not exist everywhere in the upper mantle but mainly beneath the active volcanoes, suggesting that hot mantle upwelling is not the only cause of the graben. The BSG was most likely formed by joint effects of northward extension of the Okinawa Trough, westward extension of the Median Tectonic Line, and hot upwelling flow in the mantle wedge beneath the active volcanoes.