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Objective To determine how electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are portrayed in newspaper informative articles and opinion pieces. Methods A content analysis was conducted on 450 articles published in the United States from 1997 to mid-2014 and obtained by a Newsbank search. The articles were reliably coded for overall frame, type of article, first topic and main topics addressed. Results The article topics have changed over time and suggest significant differences between news articles and opinion pieces. Informative articles focused on e-cigarette regulation, while opinion pieces highlighted their increasing popularity and perceived health benefits. Conclusions This content analysis uncovered significant interest in e-cigarettes, particularly in their regulation. The FDA should consider public perceptions of e-cigarettes when developing regulations.

Monochromatization of AgLa X-rays is achieved by fitting an Ag anode to a conventional A l K a monochromator. Many new XPS lines are generated by this high energy source including the 1s and KLL Auger series from AI to CI. Chemical state determination by means of the Auger parameter for these elements is greatly assisted by the reduced X-ray linewidth after monochromatization. Three glass fibre samples with different surface pre-treatments were studied to show that chemical state information could be extracted from even these complex, rough and insulating surfaces by using this novel X-ray source.

Small area XPS can be easily performed on spectrometers with hemispherical analysers, in which electron transfer from sample to analyser precedes retardation. Spatial resolutions of 250 pm diameter have been achieved on a commercial spectrometer and applied to the study of a mixed phase sulphide mineral. Determination of the position and size of the analysis area has been made by a combined SEMISAM technique.

All of the important bands in the spectrum of methyl fluoride except the 8/JL (1200 cm -1 ) band, have been remeasured under considerably higher resolution than that available to Bennett and Meyer. In this work the parallel bands as well as the perpendicular bands have been resolved. The approximate average spacing between lines in the P and R branches of the parallel type bands was found to be about 1.7 cm" -1 . New and more precise determinations of band centers and molecular constants have been achieved.