Sample preparation is a decisive step in a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) proteome approach and is essential for good experimental results. For recalcitrant plant tissues, choosing a suitable protein extraction method is very important for follow-up research. Many articles about protein extraction methods have been published that have mainly focused on plant leaves, fruits, and seeds, whereas few of them have evaluated protein extraction methods using phloem tissue. This study was performed to compare three precipitation protocols for protein extraction for 2-DE proteomics analysis of tetraploid black locust phloem tissue as follows: TCA/acetone precipitation, Tris-HCl extraction, and phenol extraction-ammonium acetate/methanol precipitation. The results showed that classic TCA/acetone precipitation was the most effective method for protein extraction. Compared to the Tris-HCl and phenol extraction methods, TCA/acetone precipitation had the highest total protein yield and the greatest number of protein spots on the 2-DE gels. To verify the quality of the 2-DE analysis, several gel spots were identified by MALDI TOF/TOF MS/MS. These data demonstrated the characteristic features of each extraction protocol. In conclusion, the TCA/acetone precipitation extraction method is suitable for proteomic analyses of recalcitrant tissues from woody plants.
China's Internet wealth management is developing rapidly. Given that it is an emerging wealth management method, all aspects have yet to be developed. It needs to be analyzed and needs to be improved. In recent years, it has been a hot topic in the scope of academic research. Internet wealth management promoted the formation of the wealth management system of the whole people and opened up the era of inclusive finance. However, due to the inherent risks in investment and the Internet itself, China's Internet wealth management market began to have problems. In this regard, this paper proposes corresponding countermeasures.
With the development of the times, the country has been peaceful and stable for a long time, and the material living standard has improved. Some of the cadets have diverse and varied ideas, and there is a lack of awareness in preparing for war, and the martial arts are not high, bloody timidity, sacrifice and dedication. The outstanding problems of weaker resistance to pressure and pressure have affected the forging of military personnel in the new era and the quality of military personnel training. The countermeasures must be made from the source of thought, education management, practice tempering, and smashing, and guide the trainees to keep in mind the goals of the strong army, the red traditional, the courage of the military, the strength of winning, and the growth of the sword. To be the leader of the strong military.
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