Prolonged fever is a common symptom of COVID-19 infection. However, other febrile diseases continue during the pandemic. Herein, we report a COVID-19-infected patient with prolonged fever despite the lack of oxygen requirement, who was finally diagnosed with tuberculotic lymphadenitis and HIV-1 infection. All symptoms improved rapidly after the initiation of antituberculosis medications. Tuberculosis is an important differential diagnosis for patients with prolonged fever during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is possible that COVID-19 infection could serve to unmask latent infections via a cytokine storm.