IntroductionSince the late 1990s, the Chinese government has carried out several reforms on the primary health care, which is greatly improved but still left much to be desired, especially for the health workforces. The aim of this study was to analyze the number of health workforces and the trends in distribution of health workforces in Jiangsu province of eastern China from 2008 to 2012.MethodsThe time trends in number and distribution of health professionals were compared in study period. Lorenz curves were plotted and Gini coefficient, Atkinson index and Theil index were calculated for inequalities in the distribution of health workforces to population and area.ResultsThe number of health workforces increased every year and the inequality in the distribution of health workforces showed a decline trend from 2008 to 2012. After 2009, these trends changed more rapidly. There was the disproportionality between physicians and nurses. The values of three inequality indicators based on area were larger than those based on population.ConclusionThe health reform in 2009 might play an important role in increasing the number of health workforces and improving the distribution of health workforces in primary health care facilities. The disproportionality between physicians and nurses was related to the shortage of number of nurses.

BackgroundDoctors’ job satisfaction has an important effect on medical and health services. This study assessed the level of job satisfaction in Chinese doctors and explored how influencing factors differ between general practitioners and specialists.Material/MethodsThe Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) on job satisfaction was distributed to 1883 doctors in Jiangsu province, including 850 general practitioners and 1033 specialists. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 20.0. A one-way ANOVA was used to analyze doctors’ job satisfaction and logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Correlation analysis was done on the 5 dimensions of satisfaction.ResultsThe average MSQ score of all surveyed doctors was 3.11±0.87, with general practitioners (GPs) and specialists scores of 2.81±0.84 and 3.35±0.82, respectively. Analysis of doctor satisfaction indicated that gender, age, marital status, educational attainment, professional title, and seniority were statistically significant (P<0.05). Overall satisfaction was most closely related to the job itself (r=0.96); work, work environment, and interpersonal relationship were closely related with lead management.ConclusionsThe level of job satisfaction of Chinese doctors, especially general practitioners, needs to be improved. Measures such as improving education levels, work environment, and relationships should to be taken soon to improve doctors’ job satisfaction in China.

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Ten new epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs), namely, amphiepicoccins A−J (1−10), were isolated from the fish-gill-derived fungus Epicoccum nigrum HDN17-88. Their structures were deduced from extensive spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Amphiepicoccin A (1) which contains an aromatic indole motif is unprecedented among the epicoccin type of ETPs. Compounds 1, 3, and 6 displayed anti-HSV-2 activities, with IC 50 values of 70, 64, and 29 μM, respectively (acyclovir as positive control with an IC 50 value of 31 μM), while 5 and 6 also revealed inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 13 and 25 μM, respectively.

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