Objective: The objective of this work is to discuss patient safety methods directed to the neonatal ICU. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, carried out in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), with the help of the LILACS, BDENF and MEDLINE databases, using the descriptors "Patient safety", "ICU", "Care to the patient", "Intensive Care Units Neonatal", located in the Health Sciences Descriptor (DeCS), using the Boolean AND operator. Inclusion criteria were articles published between 2017 and January 2023, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, available in full and that covered the theme proposed for this research. Duplicate articles, editorials, reviews, abstracts or articles published in annals of events and unavailable in full were excluded. Results and Discussion: 7 articles were selected to compose the research, and evidenced as patient safety methods directed to the NICU the use of the checklist, welcoming work environment, preparation of individual or joint parenteral solutions by the nurse and the pharmacist; follow the prescribed medical prescription of the careful evaluation of the pharmacist; labels for small-volume parenteral solutions must include the full name of the patient, room or bed, name of the drug, time and route of administration and the identification of who prepares it; creation of a manual with standards and technical routines for choosing venous accesses. Final Considerations: Thus, research that factors such as medication identification, checklist, and work environment can undergo changes in order to promote patient safety effectively. However, during the course of this study, it was noted the lack of articles talking about the subject, so it is suggested that more studies be carried out ensuring patient safety in the NICU and proposing effective solutions.
